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Fitzgerald Chapter 1 Question and
answers already passed 2025
number of questions/time to take boards - correct answer ✔150 questions 135 questions count 3 hours to take the exam two things that will definitely be on the exam: - correct answer ✔x-ray evaluation EKG interpretation format of exam questions - correct answer ✔all multiple choice answer ALL questions, no penalty for wrong answers percentage of age related questions - correct answer ✔80% teens to adulthood 20% geriatrics with resources, we should always assume that: - correct answer ✔we/the patient has the necessary resources for the treatment plan remember that this exam focuses on - correct answer ✔PRIMARY CARE we are not in a hospital setting, and cannot think like we're in the hospital setting!
this test does not focus on a specialty, acute care, or emergency care no stat labs, etc. what to know about ACE/ARBs - correct answer ✔they are potassium sparing drugs runs the risk of hyperkalemia this is a risk to consider in patients with low GFR do we need to know drug doses? - correct answer ✔NO there will not be calculations on this exam "sending someone to the ER" as an answer... - correct answer ✔is VERY rarely the correct choice! classical presentation of strep throat: - correct answer ✔frontal headache, exudative pharyngitis, breath odor, lymphadenopathy usually does NOT have rhinorrhea ADPIE - correct answer ✔assessment diagnosis
most common heart chamber hypertrophy? - correct answer ✔LVH or left ventricular hypertrophy second most common heart chamber hypertrophy? - correct answer ✔left atrial hypertrophy most common stenotic heart valve? - correct answer ✔aortic stenosis risk factors for aortic stenosis - correct answer ✔HTN! HLD smoking most common incompetent heart valve? - correct answer ✔mitral valve incompetency mitral valve regurgitation - correct answer ✔when the mitral valve doesn't close properly, this allows blood to regurgitate into the chamber ahead of it (left atrium) MVR is preceded by mitral valve incompetency MVR/MVI (insufficiency, incompetency) leads to what? - correct answer ✔a mitral regurgitation murmur physical exam with MVR - correct answer ✔holosystolic murmur with a blowing quality
2-3/6 blowing, holosystolic murmur MVR leads to what? - correct answer ✔decreased cardiac output, because blood is pooling up in the heart instead of contracting out heart murmurs tend to radiate to two spots: - correct answer ✔the middle of the chest, radiating to the carotids under the heart/breast, radiating to the axilla MR murmur radiates to? - correct answer ✔found under the breast/heart and radiates to the axilla ex: low heart murmur radiating to the axilla is most likely... - correct answer ✔a mitral regurgitation murmur murmur in the chest radiating to the carotids is most likely? - correct answer ✔an aortic murmur, aka a murmur of aortic stenosis summary of MVR - correct answer ✔blood is regurgitating into the L atrium instead of being in the L ventricle, this leads to low CO common presenting symptoms of MVR - correct answer ✔DOE chest pain orthopnea syncope
best indication of the severity of an asthma flare - correct answer ✔FEV1 or forced expiratory volume should theoretically be done in all PCP offices, as spirometry should be available what does FEV1 indicate? - correct answer ✔early air trapping BMI that indicates obesity - correct answer ✔> 30 average age for menopause in the US - correct answer ✔ 51 assume post-menopausal if a patient is older than 51 what does the presence of S3 indicate? - correct answer ✔systolic heart dysfunction common in heart failure PMI dislocation commonly occurs with? - correct answer ✔LVH or left ventricular hypertrophy what does the presence of S4 indicate? - correct answer ✔indicates diastolic dysfunction common with longstanding HTN/chronic cardiac ischemia
poorly controlled HTN can result in - correct answer ✔HTN retinopathy what is a common cause of secondary HTN? - correct answer ✔renal artery stenosis we should always auscultate for bruits!!! aka turbulent blood flow that indicates atherosclerotic veins BP elevation with renal artery stenosis - correct answer ✔200s/100s - VERY elevated what warrants a HTN diagnosis? - correct answer ✔2 elevated BP readings at 2 different points in time PRIL - correct answer ✔always an ACEI FLOXACIN - correct answer ✔always a fluoroquinolone TEROL - correct answer ✔always a beta 2 adrenergic agonist ex: Albuterol class effect: - correct answer ✔most adverse drug effects are found consistently across a drug class 3 primary things we need to know about drugs: - correct answer ✔classes
