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FISDAP EMT CARDIOLOGY EXAM 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ |
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Patient complains of chest pain radiating to both sides of his shoulders after dinner. He is pale, diaphoretic, and slightly short of breath. Pain worsens with a deep breath. Vitals are 150/90, 120 and irregular, and 20. You should suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------myocardial infarction A 78 year old diabetic patient with a syncopal episode now complains of anxiety, shortness of breath, and back pain. You should suspect --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------acute coronary syndrome An 84 year old male with a history of "heart problems" complains of chest pain. The chest pain started 30 minutes ago while at rest. Vital signs are 110/70, 92, 20, Sp02 95%. What should you do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Assist patient with prescribed nitro .A patient complains of substernal chest pain with radiating pain to his back and jaw, the pain is not relieved with rest, you should suspect? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------acute myocardial infarction (AMI) A 49 year old man with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his nitroglycerin if he? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Complains of a headache and has a bp of 132/
A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing, patients history reveals an acute myocardial infarction 8 months ago, vital signs are 144/86, 110, and 24, auscultation reveals crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------pulmonary edema After an AED has analyzed a patient, the machine states "shock advised." The most likely cause is: ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Ventricular Tachycardia The vessels that supply the myocardium are called the: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------coronary arteries An 80 year old male presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral edema, and jugular vein distention. Breath sounds reveal crackles and rhonchi. The most likely cause is ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Jugular vein is some short of heart failure You shocked a patient back into normal rhythm with an AED. During transport, the patient becomes cyanotic and pulseless. What should you do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Start CPR, and request the EMS unit to stop A patient complains of chest pain radiating to both of his shoulders after dinner. He is pale, diaphoretic and slightly short of breath. The pain worsens with a deep breath. Vital signs are BP 150/90, P 120 and irregular, R 20. You should suspect: ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- myocardial infarction
What is the appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for adult two- rescuer CPR? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------30: When checking for a pulse in an infant, which artery should you palpate? --- ------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Brachial When performing CPR on an adult or child, you should reassess the patient for return of respirations/circulation every ____ minutes. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 2 What is the preferred method of removing a foreign body in an unresponsive child? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Chest compressions Cardiogenic shock is caused by: ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Inadequate function of the heart muscle Pericardial effusion ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium Cardiac tamponade ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Occurs when blood leaks into the space between the pericardium and the pericardial sac Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade: ---------CORRECT ANSWER--- --------------Beck triad: the presence of jugular vein distention, muffled heart
sounds, and a narrowing pulse pressure where the systolic and diastolic blood pressures start to merge. Signs of cardiogenic shock: ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------------Skin may be cool, clammy, and ashen
- High BP
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Weak, irregular pulse
- Anxiety, nausea You arrive on scene to find a conscious 58YOF sitting up and reporting severe chest pain and SOB. She is anxious and "feels like she's going to die." Her skin is pale, cool, and clammy and her pulse is rapid, weak, and irregular. Her breathing is labored, with a RR of 28 breaths/min. Her SpO is 90%. Lung sounds show crackles in all fields, and BP is 92/60 mmHg. What is your differential diagnosis of the patient? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Cardiogenic shock The heart is divided down the middle into left and right sides by the: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Septum Which chamber of the heart receives incoming unoxygenated blood? --------
- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Atrium Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Ventricles
Which veins bring blood back to the right atrium? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Venae cavae Systolic pressure is the: ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- maximum pressure generated in the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle Pulses felt in the extremities are called: ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------Peripheral pulses Pulses felt near the trunk of the body are called: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Central pulses Decrease in blood flow to the heart is called: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------ischemia Disorder in which calcium an cholesterol build up and form a plaque inside the walls of the blood vessels is called: ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------Athersclerosis Occlusion: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Complete blockage of an artery A blood clot that floats through blood vessels until it reaches an area too narrow to pass, causing it to stop and block blood flow is called: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Thromboembolism
If a blockage occurs in a coronary artery, the condition is known as: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Acute Coronary Syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------MI ACS can be caused by: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------1. Angina pectoris
- Acute myocardial infarction Angina is most often a symptom of: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- ---Athersclerotic coronary artery disease Angina occurs when: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The heart's need for oxygen exceeds the supply Signs and symptoms of angina: ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------------ crushing, squeezing, "like somebody standing on their chest"
- Usually felt in midportion of chest under sternum, can radiate to jaw, back, or epigastrum
- Pain goes away after 3-8 min
- Associated with SOB, nausea, vomiting Stable angina can be relieved with: ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- --rest, NTG, supplemental oxygen
If a defibrillator is not immediately available for a patient in ventricular fibrillation, you should: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Initiate CPR until an AED arrives If uncorrected, unstable VT or VF will lead to: ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------Asystole A disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid in the lungs/body. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Congestive heart failure Signs and symptoms of CHF: ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------------ JVD (right side)
- Dependent edema (right side)
- Use of accessory muscles (left side) High BP, rapid HR, rapid RR
- Fluid in the lungs (crackles) (left side) One of the most common signs of a hypertensive emergency: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Sudden, severe headache Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency: ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------------strong, bounding pulse
- ringing in the ears
- nausea/vomiting
- dizziness
Untreated hypertensive emergencies can lead to: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------stroke or dissecting aortic aneurysm A weakness in the wall of the aorta: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- ---Aortic aneurysm Occurs when the inner layers of the aorta become separated, allowing blood to flow between the layers. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Dissecting aortic aneurysm What is the primary cause of dissecting aortic aneurysms? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Uncontrolled hypertension Signs and symptoms of a dissecting aortic aneurysm: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Very sudden chest pain located in the anterior part of the chest or in the back between the shoulder blades Nitroglycerin action: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Activates the sympathetic NS, relaxes the muscles of blood vessel walls, dilating coronary arteries, increasing blood flow and the supply of oxygen to the heart Contraindications of NTG: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Use of ED drugs within the past 24-48 hours, maximum dose has already been given, BP is below 100
- Stop the vehicle
- Perform CPR until the AED is ready
- Analyze the rhythm
- Deliver one shock (if indicated) and resume CPR
- Begin compressions and continue resuscitation according to protocol You are dispatched to a 60YOM with chest pain and SOB. The patient has angina and is taking NTG, furosemide, and atorvastatin. You hear crackles when listening to his breath sounds. The patient's difficulty breathing and crackles are due to blood backing up in which part of the body? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The lungs What is the most effective way to assist a person with CHF to breathe effectively and avoid the use of an invasive airway management technique? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------CPAP You are treating a 50 YOF who has just finished a 10K run. She is complaining of crushing pain in the chest radiating down her left arm and nausea, which came on suddenly. She is sweating profusely. What condition should you suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Angina pectoris Which dysrhythmia is the most common cause of sudden death? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Vfib You are treating a 63YOM male with the following vital signs: P 140BPM and irregular, RR 28, BP 90/50mmHg. He is complaining of chest pain. Given this information, why would NTG be contraindicated? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------His blood pressure is too low
You are transporting a patient with angina, and he loses consciousness on the way to the hospital. When you check, you cannot feel a pulse. What should you do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Have your partner pull over the ambulance Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Decreased pumping force of the heart muscle Most patients are instructed to take up to ____ doses of NTG before calling EMS. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Three A 60YOM is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Begin CPR until an AED is available Why would an EMT give aspirin to a patient? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------Aspirin reduces the blood's ability to clot and works to prevent further clot formation in patients with chest pain What is the first medication that should be administered to a patient who's experiencing chest pain with difficulty breathing? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Oxygen You are on the scene with a 60YOM who calls 911 for chest pains. He states he was about to go to bed when his chest pains wouldn't go away. He rates his pain as a 7/10 and is diaphoretic, but otherwise stable. He
During CPR which of the following is most important? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Minimal interruptions during compression A buildup of calcium and cholesterol form plaque inside a blood vessel which would most likely be the cause? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------ACS - Acute Coronary Syndrome During the Primary Assessment a 57 year old female says she has chest pain and points to her epigastric area. What should you do? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------obtain vital signs What is the cause of heart failure? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
- Inadequate ejection of blood from the ventricles A cardiac arrest patient has been down for 6 minutes without care. What should you do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Start compressions An adult patient is in cardiac arrest with bystander CPR in progress. What should you do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Continue CPR while partners does AED If the heart lacks the power to pump blood through the circulatory system, it is known as? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------cardiogenic shock
A 67 year old male has significant shortness of breath, chest pain, and nausea. He is ashen and clammy. Vitals are BP 90/60, P 148, and R 34. You should? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------to place in the supine position A child is in cardiac arrest with unknown down time. What should you do? - --------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Perform CPR while attaching AED When do coronary arteries fill with blood? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------ -----------Diastole A 36 year old female with history of congenital heart defects is slow to respond. She is pale, cool, and clammy. Vitals are BP 68/30, P 128, and R
- What should you suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- cardiogenic shock A 73 year old female has chest pain and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles. Vitals are 80/40, P 112, and R 22. What is the most likely cause? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------cardiogenic shock A 65 year old male complains of weakness and indigestion that began in the morning. Vitals are 150/90, P 116, and R 24. You should suspect? ------ ---CORRECT ANSWER-----------------MI (myocardial infraction) at is the primary action of Nitroglycerin? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------- ---------Dilates coronary arteries
What valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle? --- ------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------mitral valve Which patient is most likely to benefit from an AED? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------54 year old choking patient who becomes unresponsive with no carotid pulse What action does Aspirin have in the body that makes it beneficial for patients experiencing an AMI? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Prevents platelets from clotting Which vessels regulate regional blood flow to the capillary bodies? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------arterioles Which of the following is the largest artery in the body? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Aorta Systolic blood pressure measures which of the following? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ventricular contraction The pulmonary artery carries? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- deoxygenated blood away from the heart What is the muscular middle layer of the heart? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------myocardium
What best describes PEA? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Organized electrical activity without a pulse Chronic hypertension in adults typically begins at a pressure of higher than? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------140/ A 44 year old awakened with shortness of breath complaining of indigestion, nausea, and epigastric pressure. Antacids didn't help. You should suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Myocardial infarction An adult with a heart rate of 50 is considered? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------bradycardia A 36 year old with chest pain is conscious and alert Sp02 93%, you should? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Nasal Cannula 4 lpm Blood enters the right atrium from? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- --vena cava A 78 year old diabetic patient with syncopal episode has anxiety, shortness of breath and back pain. You should suspect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ACS Acute Coronary Syndrome
