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EPA Model Lead Based Paint Risk
Assessor with Answers 202 5
✔ When did they reduce to Lead Levels in consumer products The underside of a horizontal surface which projects beyond a wall line, such as an overhanging roof. - ✔ What is a soffit? False - ✔ T/F: The risk assessor should be involved in the process of selecting a contractor.
- There are big cracks in the walls.
- Ceiling is leaking in the bathroom and the kitchen.
- The window wells are in disrepair- and contain paint chips.
- Right across the street there's a battery recycling shop. - ✔ Scenario: You arrive on premises and are scheduled to conduct a visual assessment of the property. Which do you take note of? A risk assessment determines the Lead Hazards and An EBL investigation focus on where the child has been and the cause or causes of exposure. - ✔ What's the difference between a risk assessment and an EBL child investigation To determine and report the existence, nature, severity, and location of lead paint hazards and potential remedies - ✔ The objective of a Risk Assessment is: A surface by surface investigation for determining the presence and location of lead based paint and report the results - ✔ What is the definition of a Lead Inspection:
- Condition of paint
- various pathways (dust and soil)
- Future plans (maintenance and rehabilitation) - ✔ A Risk Assessor must consider the following factors in addition to the concentration of lead in paint:
A supplement to - ✔ A Risk assessment is best described as _________ the approach of lead paint Inspection and Abatement. In good condition - ✔ A Lead Hazard screen is a type of Risk assessment that applies to housing that is:
- Determining the most appropriate evaluation process and obtaining background information
- Conducting the evaluation and determining the actual hazards
- Providing guidance toward reducing and eliminating lead hazards and producing a written report - ✔ The Risk Assessment process developed by HUD include:
- Collect background information on the number of similar units in the development, the construction date, and the number of children in each unit
- Collection information on the management and maintenance of the units within the development - ✔ Before conducting a Risk Assessment, the Risk Assessor should: Deteriorated paint, friction and impact surfaces, areas that have been mouthed by a child, bare soil and accumulated dust. - ✔ The Visual Assessment identifies: <10% - ✔ The condition of fair for interior components with small surface areas would have ______ of deterioration: Paint that is loosened or broken because of impact - ✔ Chipped paint is defined as: Chewing on lead contaminated components - ✔ Children are most commonly poisoned by: <10 square feet - ✔ The condition rating of fair for exterior components with large surface areas would have______of deterioration.
400 ppm for high contact play area (400 ug/g) - ✔ What is the lead level standard in bare soil areas in a play area to be considered a lead hazard by EPA 1200 ppm (ug/g) - ✔ What is the lead level standard in bare soil for the rest of the yard: At least 2 to 6 feet apart - ✔ Samples collected in a non-play areas of a building should be spaced: X grid - ✔ Samples collected from small patches or play areas with bare soil should be collected along an _____ shaped grid. The soil is completed covered by grass or pavement - ✔ Soil samples need not be collected if: 3 to 10 - ✔ EPA recommends _______ subsamples (aliquats) for each composite sample: the top 1/2 inch - ✔ EPA recommends ________ of soil to sent to the laboratory for the purposes of a risk assessment:
1.0 ug/cm2 (milligrams/square centimeter) - ✔ The definition of a "dangerous level" of lead in paint when using an XRF analyzer according to the HUD Guidelines is: 4 composite samples - ✔ How many dust wipe samples should be collected for a composite sample: A visual inspection of the work area for dust and debris - ✔ Before conducting dust clearance sampling after renovation what needs to be conduct: Re-clean and retest - ✔ What happens if a clearance test fails: The total amount of dust on a specific surface area. -
✔ What does Dust Wipe measure: Lead loading - ✔ What is the measurement of a wipe called: at least 1 hour - ✔ How long must you wait after final cleanup is completed and visual inspection is passed before collecting samples 0.5% - ✔ A lab result of _____ by weight indicated lead based paint in dry film. All layers of paint - ✔ Collected Paint chip samples generally should include: True - ✔ T or F The Risk Assessor should sample all deteriorated painted surfaces 15 ppb - ✔ The EPA National Primary Drinking Water regulations for Lead, established a "safe" drinking water level at: Water sampling is not a routine part of the Risk Assessment - ✔ The following statement is true concerning water sample: 2 composite samples (floor and window) - ✔ How many dust wipe samples should be collected in a Lead Hazard Screen: Soil and water - ✔ The Lead Hazard Screen does not include what type of sampling: 25 ug/ft2 (micrograms/square foot) - ✔ HUD Standards for dust samples collected during the Lead Hazard Screen for a floor is: 1 dust sample from the entry area floor and 1 dust samples from the 1st floor landing of a common hallway or frequently use hallway window -
Paint film stabilization Planting grass in bare soil areas Lead contaminated dust removal - ✔ Interim controls may include: Open flame burning or torching Sand blasting Sanding or grinding without HEPA vacuum exhaust equipment Abrasive blasting Paint stripper - ✔ HUD prohibits these 5 methods for the removal of Lead Paint Wet scraping Heat gun Mechanical removal Chemical removal - ✔ The following 4 hazard control option is not prohibited by HUD for Lead Paint removal: Visual examination of all known or assumed LBP Visual examination of all lead hazard control measures At least two composite dust wipe samples for (floor, window) and bare soil samples - ✔ Risk Assessment Reevaluations of units that have not undergone complete Abatement should include: A certified Risk Assessor every two years if Lead Based Paint remains in the unit. - ✔ HUD regulations requires a follow-up reevaluation to be performed by: The state or local regulatory agencies - ✔ An Investigations of EBL units are often coordinated by: Summarizes the results by indicating where the hazards were found Include any raw data and identifying information In some jurisdiction may become a legal document - ✔ The Risk Assessment Report: Dry scraping, sanding, abrasive, open flame - ✔ HUD does not recommend what type of lead Paint removal:
30 ug/m3 (microgram per cubic centimeter) - ✔ What is OSHA's action level: 1990 - ✔ In what year was lead-based product discontinued: 50 ug/m3 (microgram per cubic centimeter) - ✔ What is OSHA PEL level: 1978 - ✔ In what year did the CPSC reduction occur Glazed Pottery Battery Sinkers Chemicals and Brass Faucet - ✔ Name at least 3 products that contain lead: A identifiable part of a residence such as:
- rooms, exterior, foyer, staircase, etc. - ✔ What is a room equivalent: 250 ug/ft2 - ✔ What is the standard clearance for window sill: 40 ug/ft2 - ✔ What is the standard clearance for floor: 25 ug/ft2 - ✔ What is the Lead Hazard Screen level for floor: 125 ug/ft2 - ✔ What is the Lead Hazard Screen level for window sill: National Lead Laboratory Accredited Program (NLLAP) - ✔ What does NLLAP stand for: Toxic Characteristics Leaching Program - ✔ What does TCLP stand for:
✔ When did they reduce the Lead Levels in consumer produce 1990 - ✔ In what year was lead discontinued in consumer products Yes, but according to the regulation it is not required. - ✔ Do you need a respirator when using a heat gun dry condition - ✔ In what condition should you collect bare soil composite a mother and fetus - ✔ Who gets affected by exposure to lead Welder - ✔ What has more lead dust someone doing what type of work. When condition of paint is deteriorated or a known lead hazard exist. - ✔ When should you bypass a Lead Hazard Screen: The owner and the firm - ✔ When completing a Lead Risk Assessment who gets to keep the final report. Blood and anemmia - ✔ Low weight in a child affects what: Dark grey or black - ✔ What color does the sodium sulfide field test kits turns when in contact with a surface that contains lead. Deteriorated paint Impact Friction Leaking roof - ✔ Name some cause Lead Paint Hazards Dust - ✔ What is the largest Lead Hazards in a Dwelling
No. - ✔ Would a wall be considered a friction surface Elemental analysis - ✔ Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is a method for: Abatement of soil
- removal and replacement of contaminated soil
- permanent barriers - ✔ If a play area (bare soil) has a concentration of >5,000 ppm what should be done: 2,000 ug/g - ✔ What are the Old EPA standard level of concern for other residential yard areas Elevated blood level - ✔ What does EBL stand for: 90% - ✔ When __________% or more of the drinking water taps in a community exceed this level, regulations require corrosion control treatment, source water treatment, public education and lead service line replacement. Roof, gutters, downspouts, windows, porches, masonry, fences and garages - ✔ What are some exterior components that a risk assessor should inspect? 50 ug - 1,000 ug - ✔ What is the Range of Lead in Dust Spikes? 5,000 ug/g - ✔ What are the Levels requiring Permanent Abatement for Bare Soil No, but If tenants cannot relocate, certain precautionary methods should be taken. - ✔ T/F: Is relocating of tenants while work is ongoing required. AALA - American Association for Laboratory Accreditation AIHA - American Industrial Hygiene Association - ✔ NLLAP includes these 2 organizations:
Low reevaluation failure rate Appropriate for historical preservation Abatement contractor and owner generate minimal waste Minimal ongoing monitoring is needed (compared to interim controls) - ✔ What are Pros for Off-Site Paint Removal Can be expensive May deteriorate glues or other elements of components which may cause components to disintegrate Does not remove lead from wood, which may release lead dust if it is disturbed again - ✔ What are two cons for Off-Site Paint Removal Average the floor dust lead, window sill, window well, average play area, average building perimeter - ✔ For multifamily housing, what mathematical analysis does a risk assessor perform to determine if a building wide lead based paint hazard exists. False - ✔ T/F: Risk assessors should always go ahead and educate the tenants about lead poisoning. Balustrade Newel post Stair riser (vertical part) Stair treads (horizontal part) - ✔ Name 4 Stair components (see 4-21): Interior finish: Drywall, paneling, wainscot Exterior finish: aluminum, vinyl siding Exterior trim: Aluminum or vinyl coil stock Steps: Vinyl or rubber tread and riser coverings Floors: Underlayment and vinyl or other sheet finish goods - ✔ Name 5 Construction Materials Commonly Used to Enclose Surfaces with Lead Based Paint. Keep testing and looking for patterns until you test all the homes - ✔ What if there is no pattern among dissimilar homes Intact
Fair Poor - ✔ Name the 3 categories of paint film quality 5,000 ppm 5,000 mg/kg 0.5% by weight - ✔ Convert 5,000 ug/g to: ppm mg/gkg % by weight Gloves Coring tool Syringe Tube - ✔ What are a few methods of taking soil sample False, it is the strongest. - ✔ T/F: Dust lead levels are the weakest predictor of children's Blood Lead Level (BLL) compared to other variables. Interim controls are measures designed to temporarily reduce human exposure or possible exposure to lead-based paint hazards. They have to be monitored. - ✔ What is interim controls True - ✔ T/F: Lead in soil can contribute in interior house dust through tracking. Abatement is a measure or measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards. Permanent as in good for 20 years or the life of the building - ✔ What is abatement Never state that deteriorated paint is "safe". - ✔ You are now taking some samples of deteriorated paint, and the owner is present. You notice some areas with deteriorated paint, and by XRF testing those areas are less than the applicable standard. The owner looks happy and asks if this area is lead "safe". How do you respond?
Documentation of the negative finding Provide a copy of the reevaluation schedule, which is once every three years - ✔ What does a risk assessor provide the owner after it passes a lead hazard screen Property owner is subject to a court order, or federal/state/local requirement of abatement Underlying structure is unsound Building component requiring treatment is rotted or unsound Bare residential soil levels exceed 5,000 ug/g Property owner has poor maintenance history that is unlikely to change - ✔ Five Situations when Interim Controls should Not be recommended
- 2 composite
- play area
- building fountain - ✔ In most situations,__________composite samples per dwelling will be adequate (one from the ________ area, the other from the _______ foundation). 6 to 12 - ✔ How many subsamples must be collected in a garden 3 to 10 - ✔ How many subsamples should be collected for bare soil. No - ✔ Y /N: Your landlord was telling you about his experiences with an unlicensed risk assessor. That risk assessor used a chemical spot test kit, and also used portable XRF analysis of paint chips. Would you accept these as valid? Certificate inspector or risk assessor - ✔ Can a risk assessor conduct a risk assessment with what personnel: Eliminate targeted, then conduct randomly sampling by Choosing the one that has more children ages 2 months to 6 year of age - ✔ What happens if there are more dwellings that meets the criteria for targeted sampling than is needed for testing? 2 to 6 -
✔ When taking soil samples along the building foundation, take samples _____ to _____ feet apart, and 2 to 3 feet from the building exterior 2 to 3 - ✔ When taking soil samples along the building foundation, collect samples 2 to 6 feet apart, and _____ to _____ feet from the building exterior 400 ug/g - ✔ What is the clearance criteria for soil in a play area 1200 ug/g - ✔ What is the clearance criteria for soil in non-play area An on-site investigation of a residential dwelling for lead-based paint hazards. - ✔ What is a risk assessment: A surface-by-surface investigation for determining the presence of lead-based paint (and in some cases, sampling for lead in dust and soil) and a report of the results. - ✔ What is a lead based paint inspection: It includes investigating the age, history, management and maintenance of the dwelling; conducting a visual assessment, performing limited environmental sampling, such as dust wipe samples, soil samples, and deteriorated paint samples, and reporting the results that identify acceptable abatement and interim control strategies based on specific conditions and the owner's capabilities. - ✔ What is part of a risk assessment: Any condition that causes exposure to lead from lead contaminated dust, lead- contaminated soil, deteriorated lead-based paint, or from lead-based paint present on accessible, friction, or impact surfaces would result in adverse human health effects. - ✔ What is the definition of Lead-based paint hazard Medical treatment / management of children to prevent acute injuries or death from lead poisoning. - ✔ What is Tertiary Prevention Blood lead screening programs to identify children who already have elevated blood lead levels. - ✔ Secondary Prevention
Negligence Vicarious Liability - ✔ Name 2 examples of liability under Tort Law: Failure to fulfill all of your duties/ failure to exercise the standard of care to which a reasonable Risk Assessor or contractor would adhere. - ✔ Negligence Employer is legally responsible for the acts, ommissions and wrongful behavior (torts) of his/her employees. Plaintiff needs to prove 4 elements:
- Act or omission
- Duty
- Cause
- Injury - ✔ Vicarious Liability Document everything, never say anything is "lead free", say that a risk assessment only applies to the present status of the property, keep records (refer 2-26) - ✔ Name at least 4 principles a risk assessors should follow to avoid legal liability under tort law. Refer to 3- 18 - ✔ Describe at least 4 important objectives of the initial property owner contact prior to conducting risk assessment. Combination risk assessment/ inspection Risk assessment Paint inspection lead hazard Screen Investigation for EBL - ✔ What are the 5 different evaluation options that can be recommended to the property owner legal requirement, liability issues, preventative measures, response to a lead poisoning caselegal requirement, liability issues, preventative measures, response to a lead poisoning case -
✔ What are 6 different motivating factors that affect what type of evaluation option to choose? A risk assessment determines the hazards and a EBL child investigation determines the cause of poisoning - ✔ What's the difference between a risk assessment and an EBL child investigation? 45 minutes - 3 hours - ✔ How long does visual assessment and sampling take.
- There are big cracks in the walls.
- Ceiling is leaking in the bathroom and the kitchen.
- The window wells are in disrepair- and contain paint chips.
- Right across the street there's a battery recycling shop. - ✔ Scenario: You arrive on the premises and are scheduled to conduct a visual assessment of the property. Which do you take note of. Intact Fair Poor - ✔ What are the 3 categories of paint film quality? False. (>2 ft2 is poor) deminius - ✔ T/F: Interior wall has >3 ft2 of deteriorated paint. This is classified as fair condition. False. (>10% is poor) - ✔ T/F: 8% of a window sill in the living room is deteriorated. This is classified as poor condition. False. (<10 ft2 is fair) - ✔ T/F: <8 ft2 of an exterior wall is deteriorated. This is classified as intact. Surface-coat failure Multi-coat failure Paint failure revealing unsound substrate or structure Paint abrasion Chipped paint (refer to 4-9, 4-10) - ✔ What are the 5 categories of paint deterioration?
