ENCHANCED OIL RECOVERY
(EOR)
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Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), Study Guides, Projects, Research of Biology
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)
Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research
2021/2022
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ENCHANCED OIL RECOVERY
(EOR)
INTRODUCTION
(^) TYPE OF RECOVERY –( ON BASIS OF OIL EXTRACTION FROM WELL)
- PRIMARY RECOVERY – natural pressures at the depth will cause the oil to flow through the rocks or sand formation towards the lower pressure well bore where it is lifted to the surface. _oil recovery less than 30%.
- SECONDARY RECOVERY – it is used when there is insufficient underground_ pressure to move the remaining oil. _oil recovery = 30 -50%
- TERTIARY RECOVERY -_ recovery of oil that is left behind after PR and SR method are no longer economical. oil recovery = more than 50 to 80%.
WHAT IS MEOR?
MICROBIAL ENCHANCED OIL RECOVERY
(^) AIM- To improve the recovery of oil entrapped in porous media while increasing the economic profit. (^) The recovery of oil from oil wells by using microbial activities and their products. (^) Biological based technique which involve manipulation of structure and function or both of environmental existing in oil reservoirs. (^) It is tertiary oil extraction technology allowing the partial recovery of the commonly residual 2/3 of oil.
HISTORY
(^) IN 1926-Beckman - he suggested for first time that MEOR can be used to reduce oil from the porous media (^) In 1940- Zobel and his research group – stated a research work on recovery of oil by MEOR. (^) Zobel explained the main mechanism responsible for oil release from porous medium involving process such as dissolution of inorganic carbonate by bacterial metabolites production of bacterial gases which decrease the oil production of surface activities substance. (^) The first field test carried out in Lisbon union country AR IN 1954.
PROCEDURE
(^) # First step is the identification of the indigenous hydrocarbon consuming bacteria ,which is already adapted to in – situ reservoir condition. (^) #MEOR solution is injected into adjacent wells solution consist of two essential component hydrocarbon consuming micro-organism and a nutritional medium as a source of N and P.
(^) The solution is mixed and pumped through injection well followed by injection of water to drive the biological solution into the oil saturated zone. (^) Well is shut in for 1 to 7 days after which oil production is resumed. (^) This procedure is repeated every 3-6 moth to enable microorganism to move deeper into deposit to oil saturated zone.
MEOR AGENTS-
1.BIOMASS
2.SURFACTANTS
3.BIOPOLYMER
4.SOLVENT
5.ACIDS
6.GASES
MEOR ADVANTAGES -
(^) Increase oil production. (^) Economically attractive for mature oil field. (^) Injected bacteria and nutrient are cheap and easy to handle. (^) Low energy input requirement. (^) More efficient than other EOR. (^) Cellular products are biodegradable. (^) Microbial activity increase with microbial growth.
Disadvantages of MEOR-
(^) Oxygen deployed in aerobic MEOR can act as corrosive agent on no resistant topside equipment. (^) Exogenous microbes require facilities for cultivation. (^) Need a standard framework for evaluating microbial activities.