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COMMUNICATION

Process of transference

of thoughts, ideas, facts

etc. in such a manner

that the mental picture

perceived by the

receiver is the same as

that envisioned by the

sender

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?

It is a process of exchanging

• (^) Idea
• (^) Information
• (^) Thoughts
• (^) Feelings
• (^) Emotions

Through – speech, signals, writing, behavior

TYPES OF

COMMUNICATION

• (^) People communicate with each other in a

number of ways that depend upon the

message and its context in which it is being

sent.

• (^) Types of communication
  1. Verbal
  2. Non verbal

VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• (^) It refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted

verbally.

• (^) verbal communication is divided into

 Oral communication - spoken words are used like face to face

conversations, video and radio etc.

 Writing communication – written signs or symbols are used email, letter

writing, reports, and texting etc.

THE COMMUNICATION

PYRAMID

THE COMMUNICATION PYRAMID

TRUST

CONTROLLED DISCLOSURE

DECIDE WHAT & WHEN TO SAY

VOCABULARY

INDIVIDUALIZATION

CONTROLLED DISCLOSURE

Sender takes decision based on trust factor

Sender decides whether or how much info to give

One judge the sort of relationship with another

WHAT AND WHEN TO SAY

Step similar to formulate process

What you want to

Say to whom

When to say

Higher the trust

More the information shared

INDIVIDUALIZING

You may have certain personal :

Ideas

Theme

Concepts

Topic

This makes each conversation unique

COMMUNICATION

BARRIERS

Communication barriers are

hindrances and difficulties

that prevent us from

receiving and

understanding the

messages that others use

to convey their information,

ideas and thoughts

through.

Examples include:

• (^) Use of jargon
• (^) Cultural differences
• (^) Lack of attention

PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS

• (^) The psychological barrier of communication is the influence of

psychological state of the communicators (sender and receiver) which

creates an obstacle for effective communication.

• (^) Communication is highly influenced by the mental condition that the

communicators are in and is disturbed by mental disturbance. If the people

involved in communication are not emotionally well, they won’t be able to

communicate properly.

• Reasons for Psychological Barriers
  • (^) Misinterpretation
  • (^) Distrust
  • (^) Unhappy emotions
  • Misunderstandings
  • Emotional disturbances
  • (^) Worry
  • (^) Fear
  • (^) Anxiety
  • Confused thinking

PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS

• (^) Physiological barriers of communication occur due to the physical condition

of sender or receiver which might even be physical disabilities. It includes

sensory dysfunction and other physical dysfunctions.

• (^) Effective communication requires proper functioning of the senses in both

the sender and the receiver. Limitation of human body and mind adds up to

the physiological barrier causing interruption in message from reaching its

destination or having meaning.

• (^) Causes for Physiological Barriers
  • Poor retention due to memory problem
  • (^) Lack of attention
  • (^) Discomfort due to illness
  • (^) Poor sensory perception
  • (^) Hearing problems
  • (^) Poor listening skills
  • (^) Information overload
  • Gender Physiological differences

SOCIAL BARRIERS

• (^) These are the barriers which are created by the culture

of the community

• (^) Social barriers to communication include the social

psychological phenomenon of conformity, a process in

which the norms, values, and behaviors of an individual

begin to follow those of the wider group.

• (^) Factors contributing to social barriers are
  • (^) Age
  • (^) Gender
  • (^) Socio-economic status
  • (^) Social taboos restricted by social customs
  • (^) Diffidence
  • (^) Marital status

CULTURAL BARRIERS

• (^) Culture shapes the way we think and behave. It can be seen as both

shaping and being shaped by our established patterns of communication.

• Cultural barrier often arises when individuals in one social group have

developed different norms, values, or behaviors to individuals associated

with another group (stereotypes).

• (^) Sources of cultural barriers include
  • (^) Body language
  • (^) Thinking
  • (^) Manners
  • Norms
  • Beliefs
  • (^) Ethnic differences
  • (^) Tradition
  • (^) Values
  • (^) Religious differences