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EMS SYSTEMS REVIEW QUESTIONS, EXAM QUESTIONS
AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
"A patient who requires cardiac monitoring in the field would require, at a minimum, which level of EMS provider? a.) EMR b.) EMT c.) Paramedic
d.) AEMT - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Which of the following is an example of care that is provided using standing orders? a.) Medical control is contacted by the EMT after a patient with chest pain refuses EMS care. b.) The EMT defibrillates a patient in cardiac arrest, begins CPR, and then contacts medical control. d.) A physician gives the EMT an order via radio to administer oral glucose to a diabetic patient. e.) Following an overdose, the EMT contacts the medical director for permission to give activated
charcoal. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Quality control in an EMS system is the ultimate responsibility of the: a.) paramedic. b.) lead EMT. c.) medical director.
d.) EMS administrator. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"12. Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reaction? A) An EMT with many years of field experience becomes irritable with her coworkers and experiences headaches and insomnia.
B) A newly certified EMT becomes extremely nauseated and diaphoretic at the scene of an incident involving grotesque injuries. C) An EMT is emotionally exhausted and depressed after a school bus crash involving critical injuries and the death of several children. D) An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which
a child was previously killed. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"13. Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used: A) whenever you touch nonintact skin. B) during routine cleaning of the ambulance. C) while handling needles or other sharps.
D) when performing endotracheal intubation. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"14. When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: A) allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions. B) use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces. C) clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water.
D) spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel. - CORRECT
ANSWER A"
"15. Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress? A) Increased interest in daily activities B) Isolation from the rest of the crew C) Hyperactivity during an EMS call
D) Acute increase in appetite - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"16. You are dispatched to the scene of a crash involving a large tanker truck. While you are en route, dispatch advises you that there are multiple patients and that the fire department is en route as well. As you approach the scene, you should: A) maintain a safe distance and try to read the placard with binoculars. B) cordon off the area and quickly remove all of the injured patients. C) immediately begin evacuating residents who live near the crash site.
D) don personal protective equipment and quickly triage all patients. - CORRECT ANSWER
A"
"22. While you are on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate location without your consent. You should: A) tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on the job. B) warn your partner that you will report him or her if it happens again. C) notify law enforcement personnel and have your partner arrested.
D) tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor. - CORRECT ANSWER
D"
"23. The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: A) family history of hepatitis. B) postvaccine antibody titers. C) vaccine safety and efficacy.
D) record keeping and tracking. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"24. The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to: A) careless handling of sharps. B) lack of proper immunizations. C) excessive blood splashing or splattering.
D) noncompliance with standard precautions. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"25. Which of the following MOST accurately defines negligence? A) Transport of a mentally incompetent patient against his or her will B) Deviation from the standard of care that may result in further injury C) Transferring patient care to a provider with a lower level of training
D) Providing care that is consistent with care provided by other EMTs - CORRECT ANSWER
B"
"26. Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment? A) A paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT. B) An AEMT transfers patient care to a paramedic. C) A physician assumes patient care from an EMT.
D) An EMT gives a verbal report to an emergency room nurse. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"27. Shortly after you load your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. The patient is conscious and alert and has no
signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct? A) A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time. B) Any patient who refuses EMS treatment must legally sign a patient refusal form. C) Because of your suspicions, the best approach is to transport him to the hospital.
D) Once the patient is in the ambulance, he cannot legally refuse EMS treatment. - CORRECT
ANSWER A"
"28. To minimize the risk of litigation, the EMT should: A) always transport patients to the hospital of their choice. B) provide competent care that meets current standards. C) use universal precautions with every patient encounter.
D) utilize at least four personnel when moving a patient. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"34. You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year- old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? A) Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital. B) Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent. C) Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital.
D) Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment. - CORRECT
ANSWER A"
"35. Which of the following statements about the patient care report is correct? A) It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report. B) EMTs are not liable for any actions that are accurately documented. C) Patient care cannot be discredited based on poor documentation.
D) Incomplete reports are common and accepted in EMS. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"36. Which type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies? A) Scanner B) Duplex station C) Simplex station
D) Mobile repeater - CORRECT ANSWER A"
C) Use codes to speed communication.
D) Answer questions with "yes" or "no." - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"44. Ethnocentrism is defined as: A) understanding that people from different cultural backgrounds respond to pain and stress differently. B) suspecting that a person has an ulterior motive based on the tone of his or her voice when answering a question. C) subconsciously forcing your cultural values onto a patient because you feel that your own values are more acceptable. D) considering your own cultural values to be more important when interacting with people of a different
culture. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"45. When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: A) using coded medical language. B) not disclosing his or her name. C) withholding medical history data.
D) refraining from objective statements. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"46. As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: A) place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call. B) inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once. C) leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call.
D) respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician. - CORRECT
ANSWER D"
"47. Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is correct? A) A patient who consumed a few beers will likely be able to refuse EMS treatment. B) Advice given to a patient who refuses EMS treatment should not be documented. C) A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport.
D) Documentation of proposed care is unnecessary if the patient refuses treatment. - CORRECT
ANSWER C"
"48. Communicating with patients who are deaf or hard-of-hearing can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT: A) shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment.
B) elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation. C) placing yourself in a position to ensure that the patient can see your lips.
D) providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response. - CORRECT
ANSWER B"
"49. When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be: A) brief and easily understood. B) coded and scripted. C) spoken in a loud voice.
D) lengthy and complete. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"50. The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the: A) sacrum and ischium. B) ilium, ischium, and pubis. C) pubis and acetabulum.
D) ilium, pubis, and sacrum. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"51. Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because: A) waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells. B) available blood is shunted off to another venule while still carrying oxygen. C) high levels of oxygen remain in the cells and can cause significant damage.
D) carbon dioxide and other waste can enter the cells, but oxygen cannot. - CORRECT
ANSWER A"
"52. The largest portion of the brain is the ___________, which is commonly referred to as the "gray matter." A) cerebrum B) cerebellum C) brain stem
D) diencephalon - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"53. Which of the following statements regarding nervous system control of the cardiovascular system is correct? A) When stimulated, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for increasing the heart rate. B) Alpha-adrenergic receptors are located exclusively in the heart and are stimulated by epinephrine. C) Baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding the blood pressure. D) The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together to perform the same
function. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
C) hand.
D) wrist. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"67. The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the: A) pulmonary veins. B) pulmonary arteries. C) inferior venae cavae.
D) superior venae cavae. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"68. The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes: A) bile. B) insulin. C) pancreatic juice.
D) glucose. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"69. The descending aorta branches into the: A) deep femoral arteries. B) internal carotid arteries. C) common iliac arteries.
D) external carotid arteries. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"70. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: A) prostate. B) ureters. C) urethra.
D) renal duct. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"71. Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system? A) It relies on muscle movement to circulate lymph. B) Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body. C) It circulates oxygen, nutrients and hormones to the cells.
D) It circulates waste products of metabolism away from cells. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"72. Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular: A) medication. B) assessment. C) disease.
D) protocol. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"73. Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle? A) Blood vessels
B) Urinary system C) Skeletal system
D) Gastrointestinal tract - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"74. The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. A) costal arch B) diaphragm C) mediastinum
D) costovertebral angle - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"75. What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? A) Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. B) The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. C) Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease.
D) The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"76. If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: A) minute volume is decreased. B) inspiratory reserve is increased. C) overall tidal volume is increased.
D) expiratory reserve volume is decreased. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"77. The root "melan/o" means: A) white. B) black. C) red.
D) gray. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"78. A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being: A) medial. B) proximal. C) bilateral.
D) unilateral - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"79. In relation to the chest, the back is: A) ventral. B) inferior.
B.) serving as a liaison to the medical community. C.) ensuring that the appropriate standards are met by EMTs.
D.) ensuring appropriate EMT education and continuing training. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"Which of the following situations would MOST likely disqualify a person for EMS certification? A.) A misdemeanor committed at age 17 B.) Driving under the influence of alcohol C.) Possessing a valid driver's license from another state
D.) A mild hearing impairment that is corrected with hearing aids - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Which of the following should be the EMT's highest priority? A.) Controlling severe bleeding B.) Maintaining a patient's airway C.) Ensuring patient safety
D.) Ensuring personal safety - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"A patient who requires cardiac monitoring in the field would require, at a minimum, which level of EMS provider? A.) EMR B.) EMT C.) Paramedic
D.) AEMT - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Which of the following is a professional responsibility of the EMT? A.) Telling the family of a dying patient that everything will be OK B.) Maintaining only the skills that he or she feels uncomfortable with C.) Maintaining a professional demeanor in even the most stressful situations
D.) Advising an emergency department nurse that patient reports are given only to a physician -
CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Emergency patient care occurs in progressive phases. What occurs first? A.) Activation of EMS B.) Initial prehospital care C.) The patient receives definitive care
D.) Incident recognition - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"A disease that can be spread from person-to-person is known as: A.) an infectious disease. B.) a communicable disease. C.) a transmittable disease.
D.) a spreadable disease - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"The MOST effective way of preventing the spread of disease is: A.) handwashing. B.) keeping your immunizations up-to-date. C.) placing a HEPA respirator on the patient.
D.) wearing goggles, gloves, a gown, and a mask. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"While caring for a trauma patient, the EMT has blood splashed into her eyes. This is an example of: A.) infection. B.) exposure. C.) indirect contact.
D.) transmission - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Protective measures that prevent health care workers from coming into contact with germs are referred to as: A.) exposure. B.) standard precautions. C.) transmission.
D.) PPE. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"What is the second stage of response in the stress response known as the general adaptation syndrome? A.) Recovery B.) Exhaustion C.) Alarm
D.) Reaction and resistance - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"A condition characterized by reexperiencing an event and overresponding to stimuli that recall the event is called: A.) acute stress reaction. B.) delayed stress reaction. C.) cumulative stress reaction.
D.) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"______ is the fuel to make the body run. A.) Sleep B.) Exercise
D.) a verbal order given to you by a dying patient's family regarding whether treatment should be
provided. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Which of the following patients is competent and can legally refuse EMS care? A.) A confused young female who states that she is the president B.) A man who is staggering and states that he drank only three beers C.) A conscious and alert woman who is in severe pain from a broken leg
D.) A diabetic patient who has slurred speech and is not aware of the date - CORRECT
ANSWER C"
"You are treating a patient with an apparent emotional crisis. After the patient refuses treatment, you tell him that you will call the police and have him restrained if he does not give you consent. Your actions in this case are an example of: A.) assault. B.) battery. C.) negligence.
D.) abandonment. - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"The EMT has a legal duty to act if he or she is: A.) off duty and witnesses a major car accident. B.) a volunteer, is on duty, and is dispatched on a call. C.) paid for his or her services, but is not on duty.
D.) out of his or her jurisdiction and sees a man choking. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Which of the following statements about records and reports is FALSE? A.) Legally, if it was not documented, it was not performed. B.) A complete, accurate report is an important safeguard against legal problems.
C.) An incomplete or untidy patient care report is evidence of incomplete or inexpert emergency medical care. D.) Your patient care report does not become a part of the patient's hospital record because your
treatment was provided outside the hospital. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. Select one: A. evidence-based research B. opinions from a core group of cardiologists C. theories ready for field trial
D. trends in the EMS community - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of __________. Select one: A. patient advocacy B. undue hardship C. scope of practice
D. abuse of authority - CORRECT ANSWER A"
"You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to __________. Select one: a. the state motor vehicle department b. the receiving nurse or doctor c. law enforcement personnel
d. your medical director - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers? Select one: A. Needle decompression B. Automated external defibrillator C. Automatic transport ventilators D. Multilumen airways
Feedback - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? Select one:
"Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct? Select one: A. It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages. B. The grieving process typically begins with severe depression. C. The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.
D. Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage of the grieving proces - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. mental disorders. B. history of chronic disease. C. assessment by the EMT.
D. fear of medical personnel. - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs, you should: Select one: A. acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her. B. tell her that you understand why she is scared and that everything will likely be okay. C. reassure her that after proper treatment in the hospital, she will regain her speech in time.
D. maintain eye contact at all times and tell her that there is no need for her to be scared. -
CORRECT ANSWER A"
"General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? Select one: A. Immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery B. Delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery C. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery
D. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion - CORRECT ANSWER C"
"Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence? Select one: A. Abandonment, breach of duty, damages, and causation B. Breach of duty, injury/damages, abandonment, and causation C. Duty to act, abandonment, breach of duty, and causation
D. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"Which of the following general statements regarding consent is correct? Select one:
A. Patients who are intoxicated are generally allowed to refuse treatment. B. All patients older than 18 years can legally refuse treatment or transport. C. Expressed consent is valid only if given in writing by a family member.
D. A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated. - CORRECT ANSWER
D"
"Where would you MOST likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor? Select one: A. Voter registration card B. Social Security card C. Insurance card
D. Driver's license - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"You respond to the home of a 59-year-old man who is unconscious; has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should: Select one: A. transport the patient without providing any treatment. B. begin treatment and contact medical control as needed. C. decide on further action once the DNR order is produced.
D. honor the patient's wishes and withhold all treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the: Select one: A. EMS supervisor. B. local health district. C. state EMS office.
D. medical director. - CORRECT ANSWER D"
"In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? Select one: A. The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty. B. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change. C. The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends.
D. A bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing. - CORRECT ANSWER B"
"When is forcible restraint permitted? Select one: A. Only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior B. Only if consent to restrain is given by a family member
