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Abstract
The world has transformed from knowledge savvy to techno knowledge savvy. The things should be available on one click. The Digital India programme comprises of various initiatives each targeted to prepare India for becoming a knowledge economy and for bringing good governance to citizens through synchronized and coordinated engagement of the entire government. Digital indicates to electronic technology which generates, stores and processes data. It is stored in a virtual central repository that can be accessed anytime, anywhere, through established protocols. Digital Technologies include Cloud Computing and Mobile Applications. Digital India is one of the step by the government to motivate and connect Indian Economy to a knowledge savvy world. The overall programme is focused to develop India for a knowledgeable future by developing central technology for allowing revolution which covers many departments under one umbrella programme .It is a well- known fact that digital India is the outcome of many innovations and technological advancements. These transform the lives of people in many ways and will empower the society in a better manner. The 'Digital India' programme, an initiative of honorable Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi, will emerge new progressions in every sector and generates innovative endeavors for get Next. The motive behind the concept is to build participative, transparent and responsive system. The Digital India drive is a dream project of the Indian Government to remodel India into a knowledgeable economy and digitally empowered society, with good governance for citizens by bringing synchronization and co- ordination in public accountability, digitally connecting and delivering the government programs and services to mobilize the capability of information technology across government departments. “Digital India” is an initiative of the Central Government of India “designed to transform India into a global digitized hub” by reviving a rundown digital sector of India with the help of improving digital connectivity and skill enhancement and various other incentives to make the country digitally empowered in the field of technology. This paper helps understand the global as well as domestic challenges that might hinder the successful implementation of the program and suggest some feasible remedies to deal with the same. Further the paper also highlights the opportunities that would pave the way for achieving the program’s aim of making India the preferred choice for digital activities by both global and domestic investors and also how far the “Digital India” model can prove to be an attraction for the investors to invest in the sectors which are yet to achieve their full potential in India.
empowerment. Companies all over the world desire to invest in Digital India- the 21st century India, as a growth opportunity. Hence, an attempt has been made in this paper to understand Digital India – as a campaign where technologies and connectivity will come together to make an impact on all aspects of governance and improve the quality of life of citizens. Global investors like Sundar Pichai, Satya Nadella, Elon Musk have supported Modi's Digital India initiative.
The “Digital India” initiative aims at availing digitizing of various individual projects of all central government and ministries like education, health services and other services, that can be delivered to citizens using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by joining all the areas of India including the Gram Panchayats at high speed internet through broadband connectivity, in order to focus on the e-governance till
- It can also be viewed as the next step of already running National e-Governance Plan. In this program government will prefer to adopt Public Private Partnerships (PPP) wherever feasible for execution of this initiative.
For the smooth execution of this program, government will enhance National Informatics Centre which is responsible to carry IT projects in government departments. For faster design, develop and implement various e-Governance projects, in at least 10 key ministries positions of Chief Information Officers (CIO) will be created and necessary senior positions within the department will be created by Department of Electronics and IT (DeitY) for managing the initiative.
It is rightly said by the hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi that Information Technology plays important role to make India a digital country, in his words “India Today(IT) + Information Technology(IT) = India Tomorrow(IT)”.
While embarking upon such an ambitious nationwide and all‐pervading programme, it is instructive to review the level at which the country stands at present in terms of its efforts towards digitisation. The programme will help delineate sectors which need special attention in order to speed up the process of digitisation on the one hand, and study its efficacy in reaching the intended targets and objectives of transformation of the techno‐ economic environment and socio‐institutional operations on the other hand. While investing in activities leading to greater digitisation, it needs to be emphasised that returns to computerization are dependent upon—apart from capital investment—organisational capital, encompassing managerial culture, availability of critical skills and societal and regulatory environment. There have been attempts to develop a measure of cross‐ country progress along the digitisation development path, simultaneously identifying measurable tangible elements and indicators of perceived digitisation metrics7. Identified elements include:
- Ubiquity : It refers to the adoption of mobile and fixed broadband networks accounting for broadband accessibility and ownership of data devices such as PCs.
- Affordability : The existence of affordable network links, which are critical to launching new applications and services.
- Reliability : Faultless service would bind participants to the process of digitisation.
- Speed : Signifies the status of country level international links and the capacity of the system to serve down the line.
- Usage : It is the measure of use of digitisation infrastructure across economic, social and governmental environments.
The study cautions that the social impact of digitisation is contingent upon a number of caveats. At lower levels of development, the contribution of digitisation to the well‐being of the population will be attenuated in so far that primary needs are not addressed. Once these are met, achieving high level digitisation will contribute to social equality, human development, and access to basic services. As such, these goals will not be met unless digitisation promotion is complemented with traditional economic and social development policies. Digitisation is found to be critical but in no way a panacea for wider socioeconomic development.On all economic development counts and for generally inclusive growth of the constituent groups above minimum threshold of economic attainments currently, intensification of digitisation in the country as conceptualised by the government would stand justified. In a complex and diversified society like India where presently a large segment of people are below the economic threshold, it is necessary to accelerate the programmes for their upliftment with urgency so that such sections also get to avail of the benefits of digitisation programme so as to make the digitisation‐based growth truly inclusive. Social sector programmes would gain in quality and impact with the spillover advantages of digital‐based processes that will become integral to the delivery chain in the social sector.
The vision of Digital India encompasses that by the end of 2019, India would emerge as an Advanced Digital Economy from the present stage of a Constrained Digital Economy. Accordingly, its programme content ensures: high speed internet as a core facility for the citizens who will have a “cradle to grave digital identity” with a capacity to participate in digital and financial space, access to common service centre with assurance of private space on a public cloud, and a safe and secure cyberspace. Government will ensure the availability of its online services in real time, seamlessly integrating across departments and jurisdictions. Also, business and the financial transactions would be made cashless.
Target beneficiaries of governments programme will have built in Geographical Information System support to ensure that intended beneficiaries get included adequately. For giving effect to this part of the vision, it is necessary to have Universal Digital Literacy with universal access to digital resources in their own language in order to encourage and empower citizens to participate in governance on collaborative digital platforms and extract their entitlements through cloud computing.
It is proposed that by 2016, 250,000 Gram Panchayats will have broadband facility; i.e. covering the entire rural India. Broad coverage in urban areas would be intensified by mandating communication infrastructure in new urban development and buildings by bringing about changes in rules. Nationwide coverage will be accomplished by 2017. Universal access to mobile connectivity will come about by 2018. On the strength of such an infrastructure being established, it is expected that by 2017, government programmes will reach 2,50,000 Gram Panchayats (GP) and Post Offices (PO) across the country. GPs and POs will serve as Multi‐service Centres. Besides, the government will reform its governance with a view to improve transactions, ensuring simpler and lesser number of forms , and introduction of tracking facilities with interface between departments. Online repositories will be available for school certificates, voter ID cards, driving licenses, etc. All government databases will be electronic, including the workflow which will also be automated. Public grievances would be dealt with and monitored with an eye on persistent and recurring problems with a view to reforming the system as necessary.
For according practicality to the above objective, it would be necessary to bring
about e ‐ Kranti across different segments of society and also among all state organs,
including judiciary and policy. Towards this end it is proposed that all schools be connected using broadband with free wi‐fi facility, and digital literacy programmes be included in the curricula. Besides, there will be Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs). Similarly, use
face unprecedented implementation challenges and that, too, of gigantic magnitude.
As the process of digitisation in India gets going, integrating the use of digital tools into public sector modernisation efforts would be huge. Public sector capacities, workflows, business processes, operations, methodologies and frameworks need to be adapted to the rapidly evolving dynamics and relations between the stakeholders that are already empowered by the digital environment. Resulting open approach to policy making and public service delivery will require that the government reorganises itself around user expectations rather than its own internal logic and needs. Towards this end, government strategy for digital India needs to become firmly embedded in mainstream modernisation policies and service design so that relevant stakeholders outside the government are included and feel ownership for the final outcomes of policy reform. Such a shift in the objective of digital technologies in shaping public governance outcomes will require use of such technologies in all areas and levels of the administration as have been envisaged in the implementation programme of the Digital India project. However, government remains organised around its units, each with clear responsibilities and processes, as well as problems to integrate their ways of working. This presents a challenge to creating broad political commitment for integration of digital government into overall public sector reform strategies. Government will have to ensure that its own capacity, norms, structures and risk management models are aligned with its strategic digital vision, and vice‐versa. At the same time, the government will have to contend with the organisational maturity of its public sector institutions in relation to project management methods and approaches to optimise the impact and results of its investments towards Digital India. It would be extremely imperative to establish more effective coordination mechanism, stronger capacities and framework conditions to improve digital technologies’ effectiveness for delivering public value and strengthening citizen trust. In India, earlier the government would put up the existing processes and products
online, but in the reformed Digital India, it will have to redesign the already established technological systems in response to its vision of a common platform.
Government will do well to take into account the recommendations of the Council on Digital Government Strategies as enunciated in the Ministerial Council Meeting while considering the agenda on “Trust in Government: Evidence, Policies and Decision‐ making”16 at this stage of the implementation of the Digital India Programme. The programme, which has been conceived at the behest of the highest level in political hierarchy, foresees inter‐ministerial cooperation and collaboration towards the outlined priorities with the expectation that relevant agencies across levels of government would engage themselves in pursuing the Digital India agenda. The elements of the Digital India programme accommodate all of the recommendations of the OECD referred to above. So in theoretical framework, the Digital India programme will be a state‐of‐the‐art network. How far the strategy would yield results in meeting the desired objectives would largely depend on factors which are outside the realm of technologies and tools for digitisation. Those are rooted in the organisational maturity and commitment of the systems within the government and also dependent on public support, overcoming the shackles of historical and cultural traits and the installed wisdom which feels threatened with the transformations that will sweep them off their feet. In fact, the political allies in the ruling echelon may in the name of security concerns focus on the “dark” side of digital society, masking the reality that even the security threats would be responded to in an effective way only by a well‐versed digital India with a strong command over digital tools. It will be able to exact international protocols in collaboration with many other similarly placed countries concerned with the digital security in the economic and strategic matters. This will help protect national interests of the participating countries—which have been left out from the fruits of development so far—and be given their rightful place in an internet enabled environment.
money in buying technology that we have not used effectively or in some cases not even reached its implementation stage. Sharing, learning’s need to be best practices across departments Tracking and managing the projects assumes significance because India has been busy spending money in buying technology that we have not used effectively or in some cases not even reached implementation stage. Sharing learning’s and best practices across departments needs to be driven by this Office of Technology.
Rajan Anandan, Managing Director at Google India, said: “Enabling content consumption in local Indian languages can greatly push the Internet consumption up.”
Bipin Preet Singh, Founder and CEO at MobiKwik, said “Consumers can overcome the trust factor in online payments,”
Aloke Bajpai , Co-founder and CEO of meta search site ixigo.com, said: “While the growth in desktop is almost zero, it’s terrific on mobile,” “It is not only mobile first anymore but mobile only soon. Will have to see whether to work any further on evolving our desktop experience.”
Dhruv Shringi , CEO of Yatra.com, said: “The next thing to aim for travel companies is personalisation of travel purchases such as hotels and holiday packages as also using predictive computing to understand and predict consumer behaviour and reacting to it.”
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objectives of this desertation paper is to get the answers of the following.
What is “Digital India Campaign and Programme? What are the objectives behind it? How it will be implemented? What is the cost of Implementation? How much will it impact on Economy? The main objectives of the Desertation paper are trying to get the answers of the above questions.
Methodology:
This study attempts to explain the impact of digitization on the development of Rural India. It is based on secondary data that is collected through different sources like newspaper, internet, government websites, journals etc.
Data collection
The secondary data has been collected. For this purpose, various magazines and journals have been used as it is a conceptual paper. Thus, the focus is to know more about the concept, its application and the impact on economy via other parameters. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative data have been used.
DIGITAL INDIA
The programme contains tasks that target to make sure that govt. services are available to people digitally and people get advantage of the newest information and connections technological innovation. Gandhiji felt that 'India resides in its villages,' and technology will help the villages to grow and prosper. Digital libraries, online magazines, e-books can be made available for free which will further help in knowledge sharing. PM Modi rightly said in his speech in San Jose, "I see technology as a means to empower and as a tool that bridges the distance between hope and opportunity. Social media is reducing social barriers. It connects people on the strength of human values, not identities." Technology is a bridge indeed, a bridge that connects the hope that India's villages will be educated and aware to the opportunity of internet and access to information from across the world. 'Digital India' is not just an initiative but a need for this country, where majority of population still does not have access to the world of internet. The Digital India initiative seeks to lay emphasis on e- governance and transform India into a digitally empowered society. It is to ensure that government services are available to citizens electronically. Digital India also aims to transform ease of doing business in the country. The Department of Electronics and Information Technology (deitY) anticipates that this program will have a huge impact on the Ministry of Communication and IT. The program is projected at Rs 1, 13,000 crore which will prepare the country for knowledge-based transformation.
It will focus on providing high speed internet services to its citizens and make services available in real time for both online and mobile platform. Modi's government is focussing on providing broadband services in all villages of the country, tele-medicine and mobile healthcare services and making the governance more participative. The initiative also includes plan to connect rural areas with high-speed internet networks.
Digital India has three core components. These include: The creation of digital infrastructure Delivering services digitally Digital literacy.
The project is slated for completion by 2019. A two-way platform will be created where both the service providers and the consumers stand to benefit. The scheme will be monitored and controlled by the Digital India Advisory group which will be chaired by the Ministry of Communications and IT. It will be an inter-ministerial initiative where all ministries and departments shall offer their own services to the public Healthcare, Education, Judicial services etc. The Public-private-partnership model shall be adopted selectively. In addition, there are plans to restructure the National Informatics Centre. This project is one among the top priority projects of the Modi Administration. The initiative is commendable and deserves full support of all stakeholders. However, the initiative also lacks many crucial components including lack of legal framework, absence of privacy and data protection laws, civil liberties abuse possibilities, lack of parliamentary oversight for e-surveillance in India, lack of intelligence related reforms in India, insecure Indian cyberspace, etc. These issues have to be managed first before introducing Digital India initiative in India. Digital India project is worth exploring and implementation despite its shortcomings that can be rectified before its implementation.
Other Benefits of digital India project
- Peoples Benefits: - a) It benefits people of India in every village in terms of knowledge improve by using internet day to day life. b) Each person will be having bank account, it will help money savings and it helps financially strong .it also helps indirect countries economy growths) c) It helps reducing their time for banking work (In rural banks if you wanted to deposit money or withdraw money it takes one day time for to wait big queue).
d) Totally he can benefit in all aspects.
- Country Growth:- a) Mainly country will get boost to Economic growth. b) Employment Creation. c) Production limit gets increase d) Country can get benefited in many sector, such as agriculture, rural E- education etc.
