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Biomedical Engineering Exam: Bachelor of Engineering - Summer 2007, Exams of Biomedical Engineering

Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & TechnologyBiomedical Engineering

A past exam for the bachelor of engineering in biomedical engineering degree at cork institute of technology. The exam covers topics such as biomedical devices, nerves, ventilation, and infusion pumps. Students are required to answer four questions, each with multiple parts, within the given time frame. Questions include topics like loss of cartilage in the shoulder joint, nerve function and stimulation, ventilation cycles, and infusion pump mechanics.

Typology: Exams

2012/2013

Uploaded on 03/29/2013

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ekraj 🇮🇳

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Cork Institute of Technology
Bachelor of Engineering in Biomedical Engineering – Award
(NFQ – Level 7)
Summer 2007
Biomedical Devices
(Time: 3 Hours)
Answer Four Questions
All questions carry equal marks
Q1 to be answered in a separate answer book (if attempted).
Examiners: Dr. P. McHugh
Mr. M. Murphy
Mr. G. Flynn
Mr. D. Sullivan
Q1. (a) List five conditions that can lead to loss of cartilage and mechanical deterioration of the
shoulder joint. (5 marks)
(b) When non-surgical treatments fail, a joint replacement may be needed. Discuss a
conventional shoulder replacement operation. (8 Marks)
(c) Give details of a reverse shoulder replacement and state why this procedure is used.
(12 Marks)
Q2. (a) Describe how nerves function. (5 marks)
(b) How do we ensure the nerve is completely depolarized? What assumption can we then
make? (5 marks)
(c) Describe where the electrodes of the Nerve Stimulator are placed on the patient and what
does the Anaesthetist looks for. (5 marks)
(d) Describe the operation of a “Constant Current” Nerve Stimulator. Why is it preferred?
What is the maximum stimulation current allowable and when this current is achieved
how should the Nerve Stimulator react? (10 marks)
pf2

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Cork Institute of Technology

Bachelor of Engineering in Biomedical Engineering – Award

(NFQ – Level 7)

Summer 2007

Biomedical Devices

(Time: 3 Hours)

Answer Four Questions All questions carry equal marks Q1 to be answered in a separate answer book (if attempted).

Examiners: Dr. P. McHugh Mr. M. Murphy Mr. G. Flynn Mr. D. Sullivan

Q1. (a) List five conditions that can lead to loss of cartilage and mechanical deterioration of the shoulder joint. (5 marks) (b) When non-surgical treatments fail, a joint replacement may be needed. Discuss a conventional shoulder replacement operation. (8 Marks) (c) Give details of a reverse shoulder replacement and state why this procedure is used. (12 Marks)

Q2. (a) Describe how nerves function. (5 marks)

(b) How do we ensure the nerve is completely depolarized? What assumption can we then make? (5 marks) (c) Describe where the electrodes of the Nerve Stimulator are placed on the patient and what does the Anaesthetist looks for. (5 marks) (d) Describe the operation of a “Constant Current” Nerve Stimulator. Why is it preferred? What is the maximum stimulation current allowable and when this current is achieved how should the Nerve Stimulator react? (10 marks)

Q3. (a) What is the main difference between “spontaneous breath” and a “mandatory” breath in ventilation? Describe what is a “ventilation cycle”. (5 marks) (b) In a CMV breath how is the “Inspiration duration” and the “Expiration duration” calculated? (5 marks) (c) What does the term “CMV” represent? Draw pressure and flow diagrams of a “CMV Pressure Controlled Ventilator Breath” illustrating the flow and pressure patterns involved in such a mode of ventilation. What determines the pressure trajectory? What is the purpose of PEEP? (15 marks)

Q4. (a) What pressures have to be overcome by Infusion Pumps when connected to “Peripheral Vein” and an “Artery”? At what pressure can “Tissuing” occur? ( marks) (b) Describe the Mechanical function of a “Linear Peristaltic” type infusion pump. What safety devices are used in the design of Infusion pumps? Describe how anyone of these devices operates, use diagrams to support you answers. (20 marks)

Q5. (a) Explain the term “Bremsstralung”, use a diagram to explain your answer. (7 marks)

(b) What is the “central ray” and what is its application, use a diagram to explain your answer. (7 marks) (c) What is the relationship between “focal spot size” and “target angle” use a diagram to explain your answer. Why is “loading” important in this context? (7 marks) (d) Why dose the Anode need to rotate? What are the typical rotation speeds for a “low speed rating” and a “high speed rating” Anode. (4 marks)