Chapter 6
SOCIOEMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
IN INFANCY
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Typology: Lecture notes
2018/2019
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Chapter 6
SOCIOEMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
IN INFANCY
1 Emotional and Personality
Development
- (^) *Emotional Development
- (^) *Temperament
- (^) *Personality Development
*Emotional Development
- (^) What Are Emotions?
- (^) we will define emotion as feeling, or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being.
- (^) In many instances emotions involve an individual’s communication with the world. Although emotion consists of more than communication, in infancy it is the communication aspect that is at the forefront of emotion
- (^) Biological and Environmental Infl uences:
- (^) Emotions are influenced both by biological foundations and by a person’s experience.
- (^) Certain regions of the brain that develop early in
- (^) life (such as the brain stem, hippocampus,
- (^) and amygdala ) play a role in distress, excitement, and rage, and even infants display these emotions
- (^) Early Emotions:
- (^) Primary emotions are emotions that are
- (^) present in humans and other animals;
- (^) these emotions appear in the first 6 months of the human infant’s development.
- (^) Primary emotions include surprise, interest, joy, anger, sadness, fear, and disgust
- (^) Self -conscious emotions:
- (^) It require self-awareness that involves consciousness and a sense of “me.”
- (^) Self-conscious emotions include jealousy, empathy, embarrassment, pride, shame, and guilt, most of these occurring for the first time
- (^) at some point in the second half of the fi rst year through the second year.
IS THIS THE EARLY EXPRESSION OF JEALOUSY?
- (^) Emotional Expression and Social Relationships:
- (^) Emotional expressions are involved in infants’ fi rst relationships.
- (^) The ability of infants to communicate emotions permits coordinated interactions with their caregivers and the beginning of an emotional bond between them (Thompson, 2010).
- (^) Crying:
- (^) Crying is the most important mechanism newborns have for communicating with their world.
- (^) The first cry verifies that the baby’s lungs have
- (^) filled with air.
- (^) Cries also may provide information about the health of the newborn’s central nervous system.
- (^) Babies have at least three types of cries:
- (^) • Basic cry
- (^) Anger cry
- (^) Pain cry.
- (^) Anger cry. A variation of the basic cry in which more excess air is forced through the vocal cords.
- (^) • Pain cry. A sudden long, initial loud cry followed by breath holding; no preliminary moaning is present. The pain cry is stimulated by a high-intensity stimulus.
- (^) Smiling:
- (^) “Can we doubt that the more and better an infant smiles the better he is loved and cared for