What is Management? Explain the nature of management.
Management is the primary force within any organisation which coordinates the activities of its
various systems and relates them to the environment. The need for management arises out of scarcity
of the resources that satisfy human wants, and out of diversity and complexity of human activities.
Management is the process of accomplishing the objectives of an organization by the people and for the
people with the involvement of manager.
The nature of management is explained as follows:
i) Management is goal-oriented: Management is not an end in itself. It is a means to achieve
certain goals. Management has no justification to exist without goals. Management goals are
called group goals or organisational goals. The basic goal of management is to ensure efficiency
and economy in the utilisation of human, physical and financial resources. The success of
management is measured by the extent to which the established goals one achieved.
ii) Management is universal: Management is an essential element of every organised activity
irrespective of the size or type of activity.
iii) Management is a Social Process : Management is done by people, through people and for
people. It is a social process because it is concerned with interpersonal relations. Human factor
is the most important element in management.
iv) Management is a continuous Process: Management is a dynamic and an on-going process. The
cycle of management continues to operate so long as there is organised action for the
achievement of group goals.
v) Generation of employment: By setting up and expanding business enterprises, managers create
jobs for the people. People earn their livelihood by working in these organisations. Manag- ers
also create such an environment that people working in enterprise can get job satisfaction and
happiness.
vi) Development of the nation: Efficient management is equally important at the national level.
Management is the most crucial factor in economic and social development. The development
of a country largely depends on the quality of the management.
Define Directing. Also explain the function of directing in short.
Directing is the process of monitoring, guiding and inspiring employee so as to meet the organizational
goal effectively and efficiently.
•According to S.S Chatterjee, “Direction is the sum total of managerial efforts that is applied for
guiding and inspiring the working teams to make better accomplishments in the organisation.”
