CRAT(Certified Rhythm Analysis
Technician Prep Exam Study Guide
Pericardium -
✔Outer protective double-layered sac surrounding the heart.
Epicardium -
✔Thin outermost layer of the heart, contains coronary arteries.
Myocardium -
✔Middle muscular layer of the heart, contains electrical system.
Endocardium -
✔Inner most layer of the heart, lines chambers and valves.
Blood flow through the heart -
✔Venules --> Veins --> Superior/Inferior VC --> Rt atria --> Tricuspid Valve --> Rt
ventricle --> Pulmonary valve --> Pulmonary Artery --> Lungs --> Pulmonary Veins --> Lt
atria --> Bicuspid/Mitral valve --> Lt ventricle --> Aortic Valve --> Aorta --> Arteries -->
Arterioles --> Capillaries --> Body
Deoxygenated blood(left side of heart) -
✔Venules --> Veins --> Superior/Inferior VC --> Rt atria --> Tricuspid Valve --> Rt
ventricle --> Pulmonary valve --> Pulmonary Artery
Oxygenated blood(right side of heart) -
✔Pulmonary Veins --> Lt atria --> Bicuspid/Mitral valve --> Lt ventricle --> Aortic Valve
--> Aorta --> Arteries --> Arterioles --> Capillaries
Atrioventricular Valves(diastole) -
✔Valves between the atria and ventricles. Tricuspid, Bicuspid/Mitral. Regulates blood
flow IN the heart.
Semilunar Valves(systole) -
✔Pulmonary and Aortic valves separates Ventricles from corresponding artery.
Regulates blood flow OUT of the heart.
sinoatrial node (SA node) -
✔Primary pacemaker, 60-100bpm intrinsic rate
atrioventricular node (AV) node -
✔2nd pacemaker, 40-60bpm intrinsic rate
