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Component 4: Introduction
to Information and Computer
Science
Unit 9: Components and Development of Large Scale Systems Lecture 1
This material was developed by Oregon Health & Science University, funded by the Department of Health and HumanServices, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015.
Unit 9 Objectives
a. Describe the building blocks of a large scale system. b. Explain the initial design process/options for a large scale system. c. Describe the evaluation process/criteria for including and selecting existing software applications. d. Describe the process for new software development. e. Describe the different types of testing (unit, system, usability) and when testing should occur. f. Describe systems maintenance. g. Explain the process of financially supporting large scale systems over time.
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Topics in this Unit
Topic I: Building Blocks Topic II: System Development Lifecycle Topic III: Financial Support
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Topic I: Building Blocks
- Definitions
- Systems
- Computer Systems
- Information Systems
- Goals of the Information System
- Information System Technologies
- Stakeholder Roles
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Systems
- A set of interacting and interdependent entities forming an integrated whole
- Examples:
- Sociocultural systems
- Biological systems
- Computer systems
- Business systems
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Computer Systems
- Computer
- Computer systems
- Large-scale computer systems
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Stakeholder Roles
- System owners
- Interested in information adding new business knowledge
- System users
- Capture, store, process, edit and use data everyday
- System designers
- Concerned with database technology
- System builders
- Represent data in very precise and unforgiving languages
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System Owners
- Usually from management
- Interested in the bottom line
- System cost
- Value or benefits returned to the business
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Goals of the System Owners
- Improve business knowledge
- Information scope and vision
- Improve business processes
- Functional scope and vision
- Improve business communications
- Communications scope and vision
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System Users
- Majority of information workers
- Not concerned with costs/benefits
- Concerned with system functionality related to their jobs: - Ease of learning - Ease of use - Get the job done
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Goals of the System Users
- Improve business knowledge
- Business data requirements
- Improve business processes
- Business process requirements
- Improve business communications
- Business interface requirements
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System Designers
- Database administrators
- Network architects
- Web architects
- Graphic artists
- Security experts
- Technology specialists
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Systems Analysts
- Specialists who study the problems and needs of an organization to determine how people, data, processes and information technology can best accomplish improvements for the business
- Bridge the gap between the perspectives of different stakeholders
- Overlap the roles of other stakeholders
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External Service Providers
- Most External Service Providers (ESP) are systems analysts, designers or builders contracted to bring special expertise/experience to the specific project.
- Consultants are one example of an external service provider or ESP.
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Project Manager
- Project teams require management.
- One or more stakeholder takes on the role of Project Manager (PM). - Ensures on-time development - Keeps project within budget - Maintains acceptable quality
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from Whitten JL, Bentley LD. Systems Analysis and Design Methods. 7th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2007. Component 4/Unit 9-1 Health IT Workforce CurriculumVersion 2.0/Spring 2011 22
