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Clean Air Act Amendments - Environmental and Resource Economics - Lecture Slides, Slides of Environmental Economics

This lecture is from Environmental and Resource Economics. Key important points are: Clean Air Act Amendments, Impact of Uncertainties, Uncertainty About The Caaa, Three Period Time Horizon, Decision Making, Level of Production, Pollution Abatement Capital, Probability of Enactment, Beginning of Period, Observing Regulation

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 01/29/2013

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THE CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS AND FIRM
INVESTMENTS IN POLLUTION ABATEMENT
EQUIPMENT
Paper examines impact of uncertainties surrounding the
enactment and enforcement of the Clean Air Acts
Amendments of 1990 on firm investments in pollution
abatement equipment.
Findings:
-Likelihood of CAAA passage affects firm investment in
pollution abatement equipment
-Enforcement actions significantly affect firm investment in
pollution abatement equipment only after enactment.
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THE CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS AND FIRM

INVESTMENTS IN POLLUTION ABATEMENT

EQUIPMENT

•^

Paper examines impact of uncertainties surrounding theenactment and enforcement of the Clean Air ActsAmendments of 1990 on firm investments in pollutionabatement equipment.

-^

Findings:-Likelihood of CAAA passage affects firm investment inpollution abatement equipment-Enforcement actions significantly affect firm investmentpollution abatement equipment only after enactment.

UNCERTAINTY ABOUT THE CAAA

-^

Debate about the CAAA started in early 1980s

-^

Prospects of passing the amendments onlybrightened after the 1988 elections that ended withthe election of Pres. George Bush (snr)

-^

CAAA finally enacted on November 15

th

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Over this decade of debates, the was no assurancethat the amendment would ever pass

•^

Period 3:- Firm simply chooses amount of output to produce.The firm is only found to be compliant if audited.Monitoring is however imperfect.

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The firm’s optimization generates the result that the firminvests in period 1 such that marginal cost of investmentequals expected discounted fine forgone in periods 2 and 3

EMPIRICAL SPECIFICATION

ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

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Environmental preferences of sub-committee on health andenvironment members positively and significantly affect average firminvestments in pollution abatement capital.

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Subcommittee activities has the expected negative impact on averagefirm investments in pollution abatement capital.

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Inspections has a positive effect on average firm investments inpollution abatement capital (both before and after enactment butstatistically significant only after enactment)

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Fines has a positive effect on investment but is significant only afterenactment.

-^

Other variables generally have expected effects on investment but notalways significant.