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CBIS ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
LATEST VERSION | 200 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
COMPREHENSIVE RATIONALES |
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"Common Infections - CORRECT ANSWER=> Meningitis, respiratory infections, UTI, surgical site
infections, cellulitis, urosepsis"
"Stages of motor learning - CORRECT ANSWER=> *cognitive (what to do)
*Associative (how to do) *Autonomis (how to succeed)"
"Cranial nerve dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER=> Visual disturbance, facial dropping, postural
instability, dysphagia, autonomic dysregulation"
"Athetiod - CORRECT ANSWER=> Slow, involuntary, writhing movements"
"Ballisms - CORRECT ANSWER=> Quick flailing movements"
"choreiform movements - CORRECT ANSWER=> Continuous rapid & unpredictable movements"
"Agnosia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Loss of ability to identify people or objects.
Visual, auditory or tactile"
"Apraxia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Inability to perform purposeful movement
*ideomotor- unable to perform tasks on command *ideational- unable to perform automatic tasks *buccofacial- limitations and performing purposeful movement of lips, cheeks, tongue, larynx and pharynx"
"central cord syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> Presents as weakness & numbness in arms
- results from fall in with neck in hyperextention or with arthritis or spondylosis
- bowel/bladder issues
- able to walk however unable to grasp things"
"Brown-Sequard Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> 1 side of spinal cord injured
Ipsilateral paralysis, loss of light touch sensation on side of lesion, loss of pain & temperature sensation on contralateral side"
"Anterior cord syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> Loss of muscle control, pain & temperature sensation
below lesion No loss of proprioception or touch sensation"
"posterior cord syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> Strength with no proprioception"
"cognition - CORRECT ANSWER=> A complex collection of mental activities such as attention,
perception, comprehension, remembering and language"
"Domains of cognition - CORRECT ANSWER=> Attention, categorization, memory, processing speed,
executive functions, metacognition"
"Attention - CORRECT ANSWER=> Divided, alternating, selective, sustained, focused"
"Attention process training program (APT) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Process specific approach to
cognitive rehab. Hierarchy organized by difficulty"
"Categorization - CORRECT ANSWER=> Important in the speed of processing, problem-solving, and
other higher order cognitive processes.
- BI pt tend to categorize by single attribute only"
"Stages of Memory - CORRECT ANSWER=> Encoding, Storage, Retrieval"
"Long term memory - CORRECT ANSWER=> Explicit vs implicit"
"Executive Functions - CORRECT ANSWER=> * complex cognitive processes that involve reasoning,
planning, judgment, initiation and abstract thinking"
"Cognitive rehab approaches - CORRECT ANSWER=> *approach in systemic manner
*analyzing problems *consider alternative solutions *prioritizing solutions *review outcomes"
"Metacognition (n) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Awareness of thoughts"
"3 levels of metacognition - CORRECT ANSWER=> 1) awareness of deficits
- awareness of functional implications
- awareness to set realistic goals"
"Axis I disorders - CORRECT ANSWER=> Clinical disorders
*major depressive disorder is most common"
"Axis II - CORRECT ANSWER=> Personality disorders and intellectual disabilities"
"Major Depressive Episode - CORRECT ANSWER=> At least 2 wks which a person has loss of interest or
depressed mood accompanied by 4 additional symptoms: Change in appetite, change in weight, decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness, suicidal ideation"
"manic episode - CORRECT ANSWER=> At least 1 wk where a person is noticeably elevated, expansive
or irritable mood and 3 additional symptoms: extremely amplified self-esteem, decrease desire for sleep, grandiose ideas, distractibility, risky activities"
"bipolar I disorder - CORRECT ANSWER=> One or more manic episodes"
"bipolar II disorder - CORRECT ANSWER=> One or more depressive episode followed by one or more
hypomanic episode"
"cyclothymic disorder - CORRECT ANSWER=> Chronic fluctuation mood disturbance including both
depressive and hypo manic states"
"Schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Disorder lasting for at least 6mo with minimum of a 1 month
phase of symptoms that include: delusions, hallucinations, incoherent speech, Catalonia or avolition."
"personality disorders - CORRECT ANSWER=> 23% of TBI pts
Organic personality disorder"
"Frontal Lobe Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> Symptoms of other psychiatric disorders including
depression, psychosis, mood disorders and other various conditions however the patient does not recognize these conditions
- The difference between frontal lobe injury and regular depression is the patient's ability to recognize and acknowledge the deficit"
"SUD interventions - CORRECT ANSWER=> "
"Screens for SUD - CORRECT ANSWER=> *AUDIT - alcohol use disorder identification test
*CAGE: yes or no questions *CRAFFT: screen for adolescents *ASSIST: alcohol, smoking and substance use involvement screening test"
"Cranial Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER=> "
"concomitant spinal cord injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Present of co-occurring spinal cord injury and
brain injury *60% of SCI pt's"
"Visual Functions - CORRECT ANSWER=> "
"Somatoagnosia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lack of awareness of body structure and body part
relationships"
"Meninges - CORRECT ANSWER=> "
"Vestibular conditions - CORRECT ANSWER=> *labrynththine concussion
*post-traumatic Ménière's disease *basilar skull fx *vestibular migraine *perilymphatic fistula *benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) *B vestibular hypofunction *central vertigo"
"Olmstead Decision - CORRECT ANSWER=> A ruling made by the US Supreme Court requiring the
provision of community based services with such services are available and not opposed by the patient in question, As opposed to being institutionalized."
"TBI model systems of care - CORRECT ANSWER=> *16 centers in US
- developing and demonstrating a model system of care for persons with TBI *Emphasizing continuity and Comprehensiveness of care
- maintaining a standardized national database for innovative analysis of TBI treatment and outcomes"
"Peak Maturation Milepost - CORRECT ANSWER=> Most brain maturation occurs from birth to 6 years.
Injury in that time frame may be the most devastating time for injury to occur"
"ages 3-5 - CORRECT ANSWER=> *period of rapid brain growth
*perfecting ability to form images, use words, place things in serial order, beginning problem solving"
"Ages 8-10 - CORRECT ANSWER=> *sensory and motor systems maturing
*frontal executive systems begin accelerated development *begin to perform operational functions"
"Ages 14-15 - CORRECT ANSWER=> *maturation of visuo-auditory and somatic systems
*review formal operations and find flaws & create new ones"
"Ages 17-19 - CORRECT ANSWER=> *maturation of frontal executive functions
"Veracity - CORRECT ANSWER=> The clinician to be truthful and professional interactions"
"Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act - CORRECT ANSWER=> Equal treatment, and appropriate education
for people with disabilities Preferential seating, extended time on exams, test in quiet, rest breaks, shortened assignments, books on CD"
"Individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Federal education mandate to
provide free appropriate public education and special education and support services to children with eligible disabilities"
"Military Primary Injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Direct impact from over-pressure wave. Compressed
air filled organs, catapults body"
"diagnostic indicators for SBS - CORRECT ANSWER=> Bleeding from brain
Brain swelling Bleeding in eyes"
"Long term disabilities in SBS - CORRECT ANSWER=> Behavioral problems, learning disabilities,
blindness, deafness, seizures, cerebral palsy"
"Individual Education Plan - IEP - CORRECT ANSWER=> Student's academic goals based upon
assessment and the method to obtain these goals via specially designed instruction and related services Timeline: 60 days to complete assessment and hold IEP meeting"
"Military Secondary Injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Debris impacts head or body"
"Military tertiary injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Body impacts ground or object"
"Military Quaternary Injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Inhalation of toxic gases or substance"
"Military acute concussion evaluation (MACE) - CORRECT ANSWER=> TBI screening developed by
defense and veterans BI center. Provides gross measures of cognitive domain"
"TBI military prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER=> mTBI only 56%
mTBI & PTSD 44%"
"Community integrated rehabilitation (CIR) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Post acute brain injury
rehabilitation programs designed to support persons with brain injury in the community. Can include neural behavioral programs, residential programs, day treatment programs and home based programs"
"Neural behavioral programs - CORRECT ANSWER=> For Severe behavioral disturbances that require
24 hour supervision."
"Residential community program - CORRECT ANSWER=> For those that cannot participate as
outpatient, require 24 hour supervision or support"
"Comprehensive holistic treatment/day treatments - CORRECT ANSWER=> There is a need for
intensive services and can benefit from improved awareness"
"Home based program - CORRECT ANSWER=> Client is able to resign at the home and able to self
direct care"
"Care management - CORRECT ANSWER=> Continuous system of care for a particular condition
Case management, life care planning, advocacy and public policy, support groups"
"case management - CORRECT ANSWER=> A way of managing unique and high risk conditions often
associated with costly acute care and hospital stay."
"Case Manager Functions - CORRECT ANSWER=> Educator, coordinator, research, communicator,
collaborator, clinician, utilization manager, transition planner, leader, quality manager, negotiator, advocate, risk manager"
"6 Domains if Case Management - CORRECT ANSWER=> Processes and services, resource utilization in
management, psychosocial and economic support, rehabilitation, outcomes and ethical and legal practices"
"Life care planning - CORRECT ANSWER=> A lifelong needs assessment of the needed goods and
services required for a person with brain injury to move the most independent life possible. The plan should've called blueprints for families Must utilize evidence based standard of care"
"LCP plan - CORRECT ANSWER=> Should be continually monitored and revised when the persons
health needs or situation changes."
"Special needs trust - CORRECT ANSWER=> A legal arrangement in financial agreement that allows a
person with a brain injury to receive income without reducing their eligibility for the public assistance disability benefits provided by Social Security, supplemental security income, Medicare or Medicaid"
"Types of special needs trusts - CORRECT ANSWER=> First party SNT, third-party SNT, Inter vivos
(during life) SNT, pooled trust/community trust"
"Social security act of 1935 - CORRECT ANSWER=> Provided cash benefits & health care plans for
individuals who are aged, disabled, and those with low income."
"Measures in Acute Rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER=> Functional Independence Measure
(FIM/FAM), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), Rancho Los Amigos"
"Functional Independence Measure (FIM) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 18-item, 7-level scale that assesses
severity of disability in performing basic life activities Clinical tool"
"Disability Rating Scale (DRS) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 8 item assessment of impairment, disability &
handicap or participation Research tool"
"Post-Acute Measures - CORRECT ANSWER=> Craig Handicap Assessment& Reporting Technique
(CHART), Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory (MPAI-4), Participation Assessment with Combined Tools- Objective (PART-O)"
"Craig Handicap Assessment & Reporting Technique (CHART) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 32 questions and
6 domains More for outpatient or home health Measures participation Objective measure of a persons engagement in societal roles Max score of 100"
"Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory (MPAI-4) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 35 item with 3 subscales
measures problems after BI Rated 0-4 (no restrictions to severe restrictions)"
"Participation Assessment & Reporting Technique (PART-O) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Moderate to severe
BI
3 legacy measures"
"Quality of Life Mesures - CORRECT ANSWER=> The quality of life scale is a valid instrument used to
measure life satisfaction, usually in conjunction with a health issue of some kind. One of the most frequently used is the SF 36, a self report patient questionnaire"
"RETURN TO WORK (RTW) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Gold standard in measuring success of
rehabilitation. 4 models: comprehensive integrated day treatment, vocational case coordination, resource facilitation, supported employment"
"Wehmans model of supported employment - CORRECT ANSWER=> Emphasizes use a vocational
rehab professionals Real job and real pay"
"Comprehensive integrated day treatment - CORRECT ANSWER=> Individual and group therapy as well
as vocational trials and supported employment Hi employment rates"
"Vocational Case Coordination (VCC) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Hospital based involment, work trials,
employer education and temporary work support, supported employment"
"Supported Employment - CORRECT ANSWER=> Supported employment competitive employment
with ongoing support services"
"Resource Facilitation Model - CORRECT ANSWER=> A professional is identified as the resource
facilitator Relationship is defined as a partnership Meet every 2 weeks"
"Employment specialist - CORRECT ANSWER=> Provide services such as assessment, job development,
on the job training and support, case management and long term follow along"
"State vocational rehabilitation services - CORRECT ANSWER=> Part of rehabilitation act of 1973
Vocational rehab counselors Services are time - Limited about 90 days Assessment, vocational counseling, guidance in referral to needed services, vocational training and on the job training, personal assistance services, rehab technology, job placement and supported employment Based on IPE"
"WHO biopsychosocial model - CORRECT ANSWER=> Participation, disability, activities, activity
limitations and participation restrictions"
"ICF classifications - CORRECT ANSWER=> Classifies an individuals health state in regard to bodily
function and structure, activities and participation Activities, participation, activity limitations and participation restriction"
"National Institutes of Health (NIH) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Award grants to conduct basic and applied
research on developing new methods for more effective diagnosis, therapies and continuum of care"
"mortality rates - CORRECT ANSWER=> 37x more likely to die from seizures
12x more likely to die from septicemia 4x more likely to die from pneumonia 29% of death from circulatory problems"
"CT Scan - CORRECT ANSWER=> Standard test for head injuries
Can determine: skull fx, hemorrhaging, blood clot, brain swelling or foreign object penetration"
"Primary sensory cortex - CORRECT ANSWER=> Regions of the cerebral cortex that initially process
information from the senses"
"Broca's area - CORRECT ANSWER=> Dysarthritic speech. Halted, labored speech"
"Wernicke's area - CORRECT ANSWER=> Can fluently talk but it won't make sense"
"Major descending tracts spinal cord - CORRECT ANSWER=> Anterior corticospinal tract, lateral
corticospinal tract, rubrospinal tract, tectospinal tract"
"Major ascending tracks spinal cord - CORRECT ANSWER=> Fascuculus cuneatus and faniculus,
lissauers tract, anterior and posterior spinocerebellar tracts, spinothalamic tract, spinoreticular tract, spinotectal tract"
"Antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWER=> Prozac, Elavil, Norpramin"
"antispasmodics - CORRECT ANSWER=> Probanthine, baclofen"
"Antipsychotics - CORRECT ANSWER=> Zyprexa, Seroquel, Haldol"
"Antihypertensives - CORRECT ANSWER=> Inderol, Beta Blockers"
"Stimulants (medication) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Ritalin, Adderal"
"Antiseizure Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER=> Dilantin, Tegretol, Depakote"
"Visual analog scale for fatigue (VAS-F) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 2 subscales: Energy subscale and fatigue
subscale"
"Fatigue severity scale (FSS) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Used to assess the behavioral consequences of
fatigue in the impact of fatigue on daily functioning Seven point scale"
"Borrow neurological institute fatigue scale - CORRECT ANSWER=> 10 items rated on a seven point
scale Lower the number the less of a problem"
"Global fatigue index (GFI) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Self reported measure of four domains of fatigue
including severity, distress, impact on activity and timing of fatigue Score range 1 to 50 (higher the # higher the fatigue)"
"basal ganglia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Receives info from cortex, processes info then sends back to
cortex On alert for when something goes wrong Regulates activities of motor & premotor cortex"
"Occipital neuralgia - CORRECT ANSWER=> Type of migraine
Starts in the back and worsens throughout day"
"Somatization - CORRECT ANSWER=> Unconscious process which psychological distress is expressed in
physical symptoms"
"secondary gains - CORRECT ANSWER=> benefits from being ill, such as attention"
"pneumocephalus - CORRECT ANSWER=> gas or air in cavity of cranium"
"pseudobulbar affect - CORRECT ANSWER=> "Emotional incontinence"
Laughing when they are sad or crying when they are happy May co-occur with depression"
"Applied behavioral analysis - CORRECT ANSWER=> The science of prediction & change of socially
significant behaviors. Goal: to discover variables that reliably influence behavior and use this info to either predict or promote behavior change"
"Functional analysis - CORRECT ANSWER=> Methods of direct observation with in the field of behavior
analysis and are conducted by a board certified behavior analysis to pinpoint the potential function or purpose of a behavior the experimental manipulation"
“Acute Brain Injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital,
degenerative, or induced by birth trauma"
"Traumatic Brain Injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of
brain pathology, caused by an external force 2 Mechanisms *trauma impact
- traumatic inertial forces"
"Non-traumatic brain injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells, exposure
to toxins, pressure from tumor or blockage or other neuro disorder"
"ABI Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER=> 2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
"HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration - CORRECT ANSWER=> Money to states to improve
integration services, establish policy & procedure financial support"
"CDC - Center for Disease Control - CORRECT ANSWER=> Carries out projects to reduce incidence of
TBI"
"Rehabilitation act of 1973 - CORRECT ANSWER=> Set foundation for state vocational rehab system, a
federal/state supported system of services which assists persons with disabilities who are pursuing meaningful careers"
"Diffuse axonal injury - CORRECT ANSWER=> Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing forces"
"Persistent post concussive symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER=> A complex disorder following a
concussion, lasting for weeks or months, consisting of symptoms such as headaches or dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and GCS of 13/ Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist"
"Somatization - CORRECT ANSWER=> The expression of psychological distress through physical
symptoms"
"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE - CORRECT ANSWER=> Rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of central nervous system that is seen and repetitive brain trauma Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression"
"Hebbian Learning - CORRECT ANSWER=> Neurons that fire together, wire together"
"Experience independent learning - CORRECT ANSWER=> " use it or lose it""
"Synaptogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER=> The process by which neurons form new connections"
"Disorders of consciousness - CORRECT ANSWER=> Coma, Vegetative State, minimally conscious state"
"Coma - CORRECT ANSWER=> * no evidence of arousal
- no response to internal or extrnal stimuli
- May have reflexive response
- resolves in 2 to 4 weeks"
"Vegetative state - CORRECT ANSWER=> Transition of severely brain damaged patients from a coma to
wakefulness without awareness Can be months to years in this state"
"Minimally conscious state - CORRECT ANSWER=> condition in which someone has brief periods of
purposeful actions and speech comprehension"
"Emergence from DOC - CORRECT ANSWER=> Requires at least one criteria:
- functional communication by verbal or gestural Y/N response
- functional use of 2 or more objects"
"Automatic dysfunction syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER=> Episodes of: dystonia (abnormal muscle
tone), tachycardia, diaphoresis (sweating), hyperthermia, hypertension, tachypnea (rapid breathing) *occurs in 15%-33% of severe TBI"
"Sleep Complications - CORRECT ANSWER=> Hypogenic hallucinations - vivid dream like auditory,
visual, or tactile sensations on experiences between sleep and wake Cataplexy - feature of narcolepsy. Sudden loss of muscle tone. Consciousness remains clear, memory not impaired and respirations intact"
"Immediate post Trumatic convulsions (seizures) - CORRECT ANSWER=> LOC & involuntary movements
within seconds of impact *can be asymmetrical, short period of AMS & retrograde amnesia"
"Early post Trumatic seizures - CORRECT ANSWER=> *occurs within the first week
*results from primary direct effect of trauma *risk factors: severe TBI, depressed skull fx , penetrating head injury, sub dural hematoma, entercerebral hematoma, epidural hematoma, portable contusion"
"Late post Trumatic seizures - CORRECT ANSWER=> * within 18 to 24 months however can be years
later
- also called post dramatic epilepsy
- strongest risk factors are missile wounds, multiple contusions, multiple craniotomies"
"tension headache - CORRECT ANSWER=> nonmigraine headache in which pain is felt in all or part of
the head *Trigeminal nerveC1-C3 nerve roots, occipital nerves"
"Cervicogenic Headache - CORRECT ANSWER=> Generated primarily from the cervical spine
*C1 -C2 periorbital region *C2 - C3 parietal & frontal regions *C3 - C4 upper thoracic & lateral cervical region"
"Craniomandibular Headache - CORRECT ANSWER=> * subtype of tension headache that can cause
difficulty with eating and talking"
"Nocioceptive pain - CORRECT ANSWER=> Pain related to peripheral nerves"
"neuropathic pain - CORRECT ANSWER=> Pain associated with primary lesion"
