BureaucracyReforming Indian Bureaucracy Context: India’s civil services have some of the b, Study notes of Law

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. lotiowhip bf Liberty A CONCEPT OF EQUALITY Equality is one of the basic pillars of democracy. Due to the tradition of slavery in the ancient times, equality had no importance. But in 18th century, specially after the Declaration of American Independence and French Revolution, the concept of equality became more. popular. Through the American Declaration of Independence issued on July 4, 1776, the Americans had said, “We hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal.” After this; the French Revolutionaries had raised the slogan of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity and these principles were made the basis-of the Erench Revolution and the French National Assembly had said it quite clearly by issuing Declaration of Rights of Men in 1789 that, “Men are bom free and always continue to be free and equal in respect of their rights.” After this, in 19th and 20th centuries with the development of the democratic principles the concept of equality became more and more popular and it is the basic principle of the present age. MEANING OF EQUALITY Different scholars hold different opinion about the meaning of equality. In common terminology, equality means equal income, equal distribution of wealth and equal treatment with every individual. But this is not the correct meaning of equality because all men are not equal. Some are more intelligent and some are less intelligent, some are hard working whereas some are lazy and shirker. Therefore equal treatment with all is not possible because honest and dishonest men cannot be given equal treatment. Similarly wealth cannot be distributed equally among all. In fact by equality, we mean to give equal opportunities to all living in the state. Besides this equality also means to decrease wide disparities being found in the society, absence of special rights, fulfilment i . : of the basic needs indivi provide equal opportunities to all on the basis of their ability OF the Inalvidual ang TWO ASPECTS OF EQUALITY WITH REGARDS TO ITS MEANING Negative and Positive are the two aspects of Equality — Scanned with CamSc