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Biology 123 exam 1 practice test questions
- Some current species share one or more traits. These species inherited these traits from a common ancestor they share. The shared traits inherited from a common ancestor are: A) evolution B) alleles C) homologies D) All of the above: C) homologies
- Charles Darwin described the change in traits that occurs in a population over generations as "Descent with modification" as: A) Transcription B) splicing C) evolution D) translation: C) evolution
- Charles Darwin described evolution as "Descent with modification" be- cause the: A) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population are identical to those of the ancestral population B) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population differ from those of the ancestral population: B) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population differ from those of the ancestral population
- Charles Darwin described the biological change that occurs in species over generations as "descent with modification". These changes occur because they are- A) adaptations that increase the ability to reproduce in the current environ- ment B) adaptations that decrease the ability to reproduce in the current environ- ment: A) adaptations that increase the ability to reproduce in the current environ- ment -adaptation: a trait that increase the ability to reproduce in its current environment.
B) the common ancestor of all these species had these traits C) Traits are not inherited characteristics: B) the common ancestor of all these species had these traits
- Which line of evidence shows that biological change in populations has occurred over generations? A) the fossil record B) the significant changes in phenotype of domesticated animal and crops C) Drug resistance in many pathogen populations D) All of the above: D) All of the above
- The process by which the living world has been developing since life appeared on Earth is known as: A) Evolution B) allele C) Genotype D) phenotype: A) Evolution
- The change in the frequency of the alleles in a population over generations is known as: A) Evolution B) allele C) genotype D) Phenotype: A) Evolution
- The increase in the frequency of the alleles that code for antibiotic resis- tance in a population of pathogenic Bacteria is an example of: A) evolution B) mutation C) genotype D) phenotype: A) Evolution
- What is a solid definition of evolution? A) the mutations that occur in an individual during its lifetime B) the genetic changes that occur in a population over generations: B) the genetic changes that occur in a population over generations
- Malaria patients have been treated with Quinine (Chloroquine) for decades. This has resulted in the evolution of A) antiobiotic resistance in the plasmodium falciparum B) Herbicide resistance in plasmodium falciparum C) insectide resistance in plasmodium falciparum D) none of the above: D) none of the above
- Which type of insects are vectors of disease for some virulent human viruses and some virulent pathogenic Protozoa? A) lady bug B) beetle C) mosquito D) stick insect: C) mosquito
- Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace proposed that the evolution of popula- tions over generations is causes by which process? A) Alternative splicing
B) Facilitated Diffusion C) Natural Selection D) Active transport: C) Natural selection
- According to Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace, the evolution of popula- tions over generations is the product and A) Transcription is the process B) Translation is the process C) Natural selection is the process: C) Natural selection is the process -Natural selection is the process that causes populations to evolve over generations.
- What is the impact of evolution by natural selection on agriculture? A) pesticide resistance in the pest population B) increased pesticide use C) reduced crop yields D) All of the above: D) all of the above -use higher doses to kill insects or use new pesticides to kill pesticide-resistant pests
- What is required for a population to evolve by natural selection over
must be genetic variation among individuals in the population. Such that, that some individuals have alleles that increase their ability to reproduce.
- Some alleles in a population always increase in frequency in the future generations of the population. These alleles always: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the current environment B) increase the ability to reproduce in the current environment C) reduce metabolic efficiency: B) increase the ability to reproduce in the current environment
- Some alleles in a population always decrease in frequency in the future generations of the population. These alleles always: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the current environment B) increase the ability to reproduce in the current environment C) reduce metabolic efficiency: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the current environment
- Which molecule produced by some animals, microbes, and plants destroy
bacteria or prevent bacteria from reproducing? A) Antibiotics B) herbicides C) insecticides D) fungicides: A) Antibiotics -Antibiotics are chemicals that attack bacteria; the antibiotic recognizes specific molecules in the bacterium; the antibiotics do not recognize or inhibit the function of a molecule in cells of parasitic worms, pathogenic fungi, and do not prevent viruses from replicating.
- Which practice probably has contributed to the increased frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria? A) prescribing antibiotics to patients with viruses B) prescribing antibiotics to patients infected with pathogenic fungi (yeast infections) C) All of the above: C) all of the above (?)
- Hunters prefer deer that have larger antlers. This preference has favored
B) smaller body size C) larger teeth D) larger jaws: B) smaller body size
- Professional loggers preferentially harvest the tallest trees. This prefer- ence has favored the evolution of tree populations with: A) increased height B) Increased stem diameter C) reduced height: C) reduced height (also reduced stem diameter)
- What is an example of Convergent (Parallel) evolution in nature? A) Bears and Moose have wings for flight B) Dolphins, fish, and sharks have similar shapes to facilitate effective swim- ming C) plants and humans perform photosynthesis: B) Dolphins, fish, and sharks have similar shapes to facilitate effective swimming
- One crayfish species inhabits a lake with greenish water. Another crayfish
species inhabits another lake with greenish water. Both crayfish species have a green body color, although their common ancestor has a red body color. This is an example of: A) Convergent evolution B) Alternative Splicing C) Active transport: A) Convergent evolution
- What is an example of convergent (parallel) evolution in the Human Metapopulation? A) All human populations have brown hair B) All human populations have resistance to antibiotics C) different human populations have adults that can catabolize lactose and dairy products as adults: C) different human populations have adults that can catabolize lactose and dairy products as adults
- Which factors in the habitat could affect the ability of individuals to repro- duce under the current environmental conditions? A) all abiotic (no living factors)
- Which traits in a population will always increase in frequency in the future generations of a population? A) the traits that reduce the ability to reproduce B) the traits that increase the ability to reproduce: B) the traits that increase the ability to reproduce
- Which alleles in a population will always decrease in frequency in the future generations of the population? A) the alleles that reduce the ability to reproduce B) the alleles that increase the ability to reproduce: A) the alleles that reduce the ability to reproduce
- What is required for a population to evolve by natural selection over generations? A) the individuals must show genetic variation B) some individuals must reproduce better than others due to genetic differ- ences
C) All of the above: C) All of the above
- A population of Aphids (insects) cannot evolve over generations by natural selection of all the individuals in the population are: A) genetically-identical B) Genetically diverse: A) genetically-identical (clones)
- Natural selection has affected a population for 30 generations. How will natural selection affect the individuals in this population? A) their ability to reproduce in the current environment will increase B) their ability to reproduce in the current environment will decrease: A) their ability to reproduce in the current environment will increase
- Natural selection has affected a population for 30 generations. How will natural selection affect the individuals in this population? A) they are better adapted to reproduce in the current environment B) they are larger and aggressive: A) they are better adapted to reproduce in the current environment
- Many of our ancestors cultivated starch-producing crops. Our ancestors
- Many of our ancestors cultivated starch-producing crops. Which mutation increased our ancestors' capacity to digest starch? A) lactase gene that expressed in childhood B) lactase gene that is expressed in adulthood C) multiple copies of the amylase gene: C) multiple copies of the amylase gene
- Some of our ancestors had access to dairy products as adults because they domesticated milk-producing mammals. Which mutated allele enabled these adults to digest the lactose in dairy products? A) Lactase gene that is expressed in adults B) amylase gene C) ethanol: A) Lactase gene that is expressed in adults
- Our ancestors cultivated vegetable crops that contained plant toxins (phy- totoxins). Which allele enabled our ancestors to consume these vegetable safely? A) lactase allele
B) alleles that code for plant toxin inactivation C) alleles for antibiotic resistance: B) alleles that code for plant toxin inactivation
- Many of our ancestors converted their crops into fermented foods that could be stored safely. Which gene enabled our ancestors to catabolize the ethanol molecules in these foods and eliminate their toxicity? A) Lactase gene B) Amylase Gene C) Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene: C) Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene
- Our ancestors consumed a variety of hallucinogenic substances. In future generations of humans, this increased the frequency of: A) Lactase allele B) Amylase Allele C) alleles that code for the enzymes that detoxify the psychoactive substance and other toxins in these substances: C) alleles that code for the enzymes that detoxify the psychoactive substance and other toxins in these substances
- One human population in Tibet has adaptations to higher altitudes that its
