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BIO 210 MODULE 1 EXAM CH 1-5 with 98
Questions and Answers Latest Study Guide
Lungs cavity - ** Pleura Heart cavity - ** Mediastinum Stomach cavity - ** Abdominal Liver cavity - ** Abdominal Spinal cavity - ** Spinal Brain cavity - ** Cranial What two ways can organisms grow? - ** Cells increase in size or increase in number of cells What is the difference between excretion and secretion? - ** Excretion is waste Secretion is cell products that are needed by the body (insulin, saliva) Define and give examples of homeostasis - ** "Keeping things the same" like blood pressure, body temperature, or blood sugar within a certain range
Electron - ** no mass, orbit nucleus, negative charge Proton - ** Mass of 1AU, nucleus, positive Neutrons - ** Mass of 1AU, nucleus, no charge Atomic number - ** Number of protons/electrons What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration increases - ** pH decreases Atomic weight - ** Number of protons and neutrons What has a stronger acid, pH 1 or pH 3 - ** pH 1 Building blocks of carbohydrates - ** Monosaccharides Building blocks of proteins - ** Amino acids Building blocks of triglycerides - ** Glycerol and three fatty acids
** Cell digestion Mitochondria - ** Energy production, makes ATP Nuclear envelope - ** Control movement into/out of nucleus Nucleoplasm - ** Contains nucleotides, DNA, and water Nucleolus - ** Produce ribosomes What lipids compose the cell membrane? - ** Phospholipid and cholesterol Which part of the phospholipid will be closest to the cytoplasm? - ** Hydrophilic phosphate head, BC it is water loving and the cytoplasm is mostly water Types of active transport - ** Endocytosis (phagocytosis, pinocytosis), exocytosis, Na-K pump How are active transport and passive transport different? - ** Energy and concentration gradient What type of active transport uses a carrier protein? - ** Na-K pump What type of passive transport uses a carrier protein? - ** Facilitated diffusion
Active carrier meditated transport - ** Energy and concentration gradient (Na-K pump uses energy and goes against the concentration gradient) Passive carrier meditated transport - ** Facilitated diffusion does not use energy and goes with the concentration gradient Where does transcription occur? - ** Nucleus Where does translation occur? - ** Cytoplasm Number of chromosomes produced in meiosis - ** 23 (half of the original cells) Number if cells produced my meiosis - ** 4 What happens to chromosome numbers in mitosis - ** Stay the same What do sister chromatids do in anaphase of mitosis - ** Separate and move away from each other Term for cell division - ** Cytokinesis When does cytokinesis take place - ** Telophase
Isotonic - ** Same/equal pressure (when two solutions are separated by selectively permeable membrane and both contain the same concentration of solute) Ex. Body fluids Hypertonic solution - ** More concentrated (higher pressure) Hypotonic solution - ** Less concentrated (lower pressure) Facilitated diffusion - ** Carrier meditated passive transport Ex. Movement of glucose into cells Filtration - ** Movement of solutes from high to low Which stages of the cell cycle do chromosomes have chromatids? - ** (End of )s, p, and m What is the difference between cytoplasm and matrix? - ** Cytoplasm is part of the cell, matrix is part of the tissue Parietal pleura - ** Outer membrane attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity. Separates pleural cavity from the mediastinum Visceral pleura - ** Serous membrane that covers the lungs
Parietal peritoneum - ** Lines abdominal and pelvic cavities Visceral peritoneum - ** Layer of peritoneum lining the abdominal organs 4 types of tissue - ** Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous 4 types of connective tissue - ** Fibrous, bone, cartilage, blood Epithelial tissue - ** Membranes that line the entire body, (line the surface, closed body cavities, vessels, and systems) Ex. Skin Connective tissue - ** Connects tissue to tissue, and organs to organs Ex. Ligaments and tendons Muscle tissue - ** Skeletal: composes skeletal muscles (striated, voluntary) Smooth: non striated, involuntary, visceral (hollow organs) Nervous tissue - ** Composed of neurons (nerve cell) and neuralgia (supporting cells) Form the organs of the nervous system Chemistry - ** The study of matter and the changes matter undergoes
Adipose tissue - ** Supports and protects kidneys and other organs, provides storage for excess food 2 tissues with the greatest capacity to repair themselves - ** Epithelial and connective Absorption - ** Movement of digested nutrients from the digestive system into body fluids Ectomorph - ** Tall and underweight Peroxisomes - ** Organelle primarily found in the kidneys and liver, detoxify chemicals Cell fibers smallest to largest - ** Microfiliment, intermediate, microtubule Molecular motors - ** Move structures inside the cell Diffusion - ** Solute moving from higher concentration to lower Dialysis - ** Separates large solutes from small across a selectively permeable membrane Example of primary active transport - ** Na-K pump
Reproduction of sex cells - ** Meiosis
