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- During a primary assessment, what tool would you use to determine a patient's level of consciousness? NIHSS AVPU model Mini-Mental State Exam Braden scale: AVPU model
- Which assessments would be included in a primary assessment? Select all correct options that apply. Obtaining a medication history Assessing adequacy of perfusion Checking airway patency Obtaining a health history: Assessing adequacy of perfusion Checking airway patency
- A concept that helps to promote effective and efficient teamwork and reduce the likelihood of errors is called _____. Crew resource management Problem solving Debriefing Critical thinking: Crew resource management
- Which statements apply to providing high-quality chest compressions? Minimize interruptions. Provide at the proper depth. Minimize chest recoil. Provide at the proper rate.: Minimize interruptions. Provide at the proper depth. Provide at the proper rate.
- When providing high-quality CPR to an adult, what is the proper rate for chest compressions? 80 to 100 per minute 100 to 120 per minute 120 to 130 per minute 130 to 140 per minute: 100 to 120 per minute
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- In a six-person high-performance resuscitation team, which tasks are re- sponsibilities of the five team members who are not leading the response? Recording key data Performing chest compressions Sharing pertinent observations Ordering interventions Going to the pharmacy for medications: Recording key data Performing chest compressions Sharing pertinent observations
- Which tasks are responsibilities of the team leader? Select all correct options that apply. Assigns roles Administers medications Sets clear expectations Facilitates a debriefing session: Assigns roles Sets clear expectations Facilitates a debriefing session
- What end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) value confirms adequate ventilation in an intubated patient in respiratory arrest? 25-35 mmHg 35-45 mmHg 40-50 mmHg 45-55 mmHg: 35-45 mmHg
- What is the rapid assessment? A focused assessment of airway, breathing and circulation A broad assessment to differentiate possible diagnoses and underlying caus- es A quick assessment to ensure safety, form an initial impression about the patient's condition and determine the need for additional resources A quick head-to-toe assessment of the patient: A quick assessment to ensure safety, form an initial impression about the patient's condition and determine the need for additional resources
- When performing high-quality CPR on an adult without an advanced airway in place, what is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations?
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p Throughout the rapid, primary and secondary assessments: During the sec- ondary assessment
- The Adult In-Hospital Cardiac Chain of Survival and the Adult Out-of-Hos- pital Cardiac Chain of Survival each contain how many links? 4 5 6 8 : 6
- Mr. Goodman is exhibiting signs and symptoms of which condition? Cardiac arrest Heart attack: Heart Attack
- Mr. Goodman is unresponsive. Valerie must now simultaneously check for breathing and a central pulse for no more than how many seconds? 5 6 10 30 : 10
- Valerie has established that Mr. Goodman does not have a pulse and is not breathing, and she has exposed the chest. She must immediately begin CPR while Joanne retrieves and sets up the AED. Which actions should the team take to ensure that they are providing high-quality CPR? Minimize interruptions in compressions to less than 15 seconds. Avoid excessive ventilations. Provide slow, effortless ventilations that last about 2 seconds each and make the chest fully rise. Allow the chest to fully recoil after each compression. Provide smooth compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches.: • Avoid excessive ventilations.
- Allow the chest to fully recoil after each compression.
- Provide smooth compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches.
- Joanne correctly applied the AED pads using the anterolateral position. However, if Mr. Goodman had a pacemaker or ICD, she would adjust pad
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p placement as necessary to avoid placing the AED pads directly over the pacemaker or ICD. True or false? True False:
- Kirron arrived and took over compressions. To ensure high-quality CPR, providers should switch off giving compressions every ___ minutes or sooner if the provider giving compressions is fatigued.: 2
- Joanne and Valerie switched to operating the BVM. While Joanne sealed the mask, Valerie depressed the bag. This is the preferred technique for BVM ventilation. True or false? True False: True
- What is the correct volume of air to deliver during ventilations? 100 mL 700 mL 1600 mL: 700mL
- After the resuscitation event, the BLS team conducted a debriefing session to ensure continuous CPR quality improvement. Which observation or data point suggests a need for improvement? Joanne used closed-loop communication to confirm she received and under- stood Valerie's direction. The feedback device indicated that Kirron's compression depth was between 2.1 and 2.3 inches deep. Valerie observed signs of compressor fatigue and directed the team to switch positions. The chest compression fraction (CCF) was 58%.: The chest compression frac- tion (CCF) was 58%.
- If not addressed, respiratory arrest leads to: Cardiac arrest Respiratory compromise Respiratory distress Respiratory failure:
- You should expect to see an ETCO2 value less than ___ in the presence of hyperventilation.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p 25 mmHg 30 mmHg 50 mmHg: 50 mmHg
- Respiratory compromise manifests along a continuum. When a patient is breathing but the respiratory system is unable to meet metabolic demands, the patient is in: Cardiac arrest Respiratory distress Respiratory failure Respiratory arrest:
- Changes in which of the following can affect the rate and depth of breath- ing? Venous oxygen levels Arterial oxygen levels Arterial carbon dioxide levels Arterial pH Arterial carbon monoxide levels: Arterial oxygen levels Arterial carbon dioxide levels Arterial pH
- While you are in the hospital cafeteria, a person begins choking. The person looks panicked and frightened. You go over to help and note that the person is not able to breathe, speak or cough. You call for additional resources and obtain consent. Which action would you do next? Select the correct answer to this question. Tell the person to try coughing. Lower the person to the ground and begin CPR, starting with chest compres- sions. Open the person's mouth and look for an object; if seen, remove it with a finger sweep. Perform back blows.: Perform back blows.
- When assessing a patient with respiratory compromise, it is important to determine where the patient is on the continuum of respiratory compromise. True False: True
- On rapid assessment, you note that your patient has increased work of breathing, as evidenced by tripod positioning, an inability to speak more than
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p one or two words at a time and diaphoresis. What assessments should you obtain as part of your primary assessment? Select all correct options that apply. Pulse oximetry Vital signs Airway patency Complete blood count: Pulse oximetry Vital signs Airway patency
- Which non-respiratory differential diagnoses would you consider when assessing a patient with respiratory compromise? Cardiogenic pulmonary edema Gastrointestinal bleeding Cardiac tamponade Cholelithiasis Acute valvular insufficiency: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema Cardiac tamponade Acute valvular insufficiency
- An adult patient becomes unresponsive while you are attempting to clear their obstructed airway. After providing 30 compressions, you open the pa- tient's mouth and look for an object. If you do not see the object, which action should you attempt next? 2 ventilations 30 compressions 5 back blows Finger sweep:
- What is the capnography waveform a graphical representation of? The movement of oxygen through the respiratory system The peak end-tidal carbon dioxide level The movement of carbon dioxide through the respiratory system The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory system:
- Which of the following can synchronized cardioversion be used for? Select all correct options that apply.
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- What parts of the heart's electrical conduction system play a role in ventricular contraction? Select all correct options that apply. Purkinje fibers Bundle of His Bundle branches Interventricular septum: Purkinje fibers Bundle of His Bundle branches
- First degree block: prolonged PR interval
- In ventricular tachycardia, the QRS complexes are wide, lasting longer than: Select the correct answer to this question. 90 milliseconds 100 milliseconds 110 milliseconds 120 milliseconds: 120 milliseconds
- What are goals of the secondary assessment in a patient with a suspected arrhythmia? Select all correct options that apply. Assessing the pulse rate, quality and rhythm Assessing the patient's level of consciousness Determining potentially reversible causes for the arrhythmia Further determining severity: Determining potentially reversible causes for the arrhythmia Further determining severity
- Which findings may suggest that a patient is experiencing hemodynamic compromise as a result of a bradyarrhythmia? Select all correct options that apply. Hypotension Hypertension
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p Ischemic chest discomfort Changes in mental status Signs of shock Acute heart failure: Hypotension Ischemic chest discomfort Changes in mental status Signs of shock Acute heart failure
- What drugs may be used as second-line therapy for a patient with brad- yarrhythmia and signs of hemodynamic compromise? Select the correct answer to this question. Epinephrine or dopamine Atropine or dopamine Lidocaine or epinephrine Dopamine or lidocaine: Epinephrine or dopamine
- A healthcare provider is conducting a secondary assessment of a patient with an arrhythmia. Which questions should the healthcare provider seek answers to while obtaining the patient's history? Select all correct options that apply. Do you have a history of appendicitis? Do you have a history of pulmonary or thyroid disease? Can you describe what you were doing when your symptoms began? What medications are you currently taking?: Do you have a history of pulmonary or thyroid disease? Can you describe what you were doing when your symptoms began? What medications are you currently taking?
- What part of the ECG rhythm strip represents repolarization of the ventric- ular myocardial cells? Select the correct answer to this question. P wave T wave QRS complex QT interval: T wave
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p Select the correct answer to this question. PR interval ST segment J point QT interval: PR interval
- In the event of primary pacemaker dysfunction or failure, what part of the heart's conduction system can function as the first backup pacemaker site? Select the correct answer to this question. Left bundle branch Atrioventricular (AV) node Bundle of His Purkinje fibers: Atrioventricular (AV) node
- In _________, atrial contraction occurs at such a rapid rate that discrete P waves separated by a flat baseline cannot be seen. Select the correct answer to this question. Atrial fibrillation Torsades des pointes Atrial flutter Ventricular tachycardia: Atrial flutter
- When providing transcutaneous pacing, the appearance of wide QRS complexes and tall, broad T waves after each pacing spike confirms that mechanical capture has been achieved. Select the correct answer to this question. True False: False
- What part of the heart's electrical conduction system generates the elec- trical impulses that initiate the rhythm and rate of the heart beat? Select the correct answer to this question. Bundle of His Sinoatrial (SA) node Atrioventricular (AV) node Purkinje fibers: Sinoatrial (SA) node
- To estimate the atrial rate, count the number of P waves over a 6-second period and multiply by ________.: 10
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- What is the first-line therapy for a patient with bradyarrhythmia and signs of hemodynamic compromise? Select the correct answer to this question. Amiodarone Atropine Lidocaine Magnesium sulfate: Atropine
- On rapid assessment, Mr. van Essen is responsive and his airway is patent. He appears pale and distressed. He is diaphoretic. Select the tools to use during the primary assessment to gather more information about Mr. van Essen's clinical condition.: Blood pressure monitoring Pulse oximetry Cardiac monitoring Stethoscope
- What is your interpretation of the rhythm on the cardiac monitor? First, identify the rhythm.: Supraventricular tachycardia Narrow
- Based on Mr. van Essen's clinical presentation and these assessment findings, does Mr. van Essen have signs of hemodynamic compromise?: No
- Which intervention would be an appropriate next step in caring for Mr. van Essen? Select the correct answer to this question. Supplemental oxygen 12-Lead ECG Synchronized cardioversion: 12-Lead ECG
- The 12-lead ECG confirms a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia with a regular rhythm. Based on Mr. van Essen's current condition, what is the appropriate next action? Select the correct answer to this question. Initiate synchronized cardioversion. Initiate pharmacologic therapy. Attempt vagal maneuvers.: Attempt vagal maneuvers.
- Following the vagal maneuver, the team reassesses Mr. van Essen and notes the following: Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg Pulse: 182 bpm Respira- tions: 24 breaths/min Temperature: 98.6°FPulse oximetry: 96%Lung sounds: clear Rhythm: unchanged What should the team do next?
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p for this patient? Select all correct options that apply. Select all correct options that apply. Obtain brain imaging Initiate targeted temperature management (TTM) Establish EEG monitoring Initiate prophylactic anticonvulsants: Obtain brain imaging Initiate targeted temperature management (TTM) Establish EEG monitoring
- A patient has gone into cardiac arrest. Prior to the arrest, a 12-lead ECG showed flat T waves, prominent U waves and prolonged QT intervals. What underlying cause should you suspect? Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia
- A patient in cardiac arrest has received one dose of lidocaine. What dosage should the patient receive the next time lidocaine is administered? 1 to 1.5 mg/kg 3 to 4.5 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg: 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg
- Which of the following factors should be taken into consideration when determining whether to continue the resuscitation effort? Physiologic data The initial cardiac arrest rhythm The underlying cause of the arrest The patient's health status prior to cardiac arrest The duration of the resuscitation effort The skill of the resuscitation team: Physiologic data The initial cardiac arrest rhythm The underlying cause of the arrest
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p The patient's health status prior to cardiac arrest The duration of the resuscitation effort
- What initial interventions are appropriate for the initial stabilization of a patient who has achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)? Ensure adequate perfusion Support ventilations to keep carbon dioxide levels in physiologic range Conduct a focused physical examination Place an endotracheal tube; if endotracheal tube already in place, confirm proper position and patency Establish electroencephalographic monitoring: Ensure adequate perfusion Support ventilations to keep carbon dioxide levels in physiologic range Place an endotracheal tube; if endotracheal tube already in place, confirm proper position and patency
- A 32-year-old patient (30 weeks' gestation) goes into cardiac arrest. The fundus is above the umbilicus. How can team members maximize the effec- tiveness of chest compressions for this patient? Position the patient in the supine position and elevate the feet Position the patient in the dorsal recumbent position Position the patient in the supine position and provide manual left uterine displacement Position the patient in the left lateral decubitus position: Position the patient in the supine position and provide manual left uterine displacement
- What are causes of cardiac arrest in a pregnant patient? Fever Prolonged labor Preterm labor Eclampsia Anesthesia: Fever Eclampsia Anesthesia
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9zd55p Electrolyte derangement Tension pneumothorax Cardiac tamponade: Pulmonary embolism
- Current recommendations suggest that hypotension should be treated in a post-cardiac arrest patient when the systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mmHg or the mean arterial pressure (MAP) is less than: 65 mmHg 70 mmHg 75 mmHg 80 mmHg: 65 mmHg
- What assessments may be included as part of a multimodal approach to neuroprognostication in a comatose post-cardiac arrest patient? Certain biomarkers Brain computed tomography (CT) Electrocardiography (ECG) Quantitative pupillometry Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP): Certain biomarkers Brain computed tomography (CT) Quantitative pupillometry Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP)
- What is the subsequent dose of amiodarone for a patient in cardiac arrest? 150 mg 300 mg 500 mg 600 mg: 150 mg
- Which of the following rhythms are shockable? Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Asystole Ventricular fibrillation Pulseless electrical activity (PEA): Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Ventricular fibrillation
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- The underlying cause of primary pulseless electrical activity (PEA) can be related to inadequate volume, impaired myocardial contractility or both. True False: True
- A patient in cardiac arrest with a nonshockable rhythm is receiving high-quality CPR. When should compressions be paused to conduct a rhythm check? Compressions should never be paused to conduct a rhythm check Every 2 minutes Every 3 to 5 minutes After 2 cycles of CPR: Every 2 minutes
- In what instances might extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) be an appropriate intervention for a patient in cardiac arrest? Traumatic cardiac arrest Hypothermia Pulmonary embolism Drug overdose: Hypothermia Pulmonary embolism Drug overdose
- A post-cardiac arrest patient has a systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mmHg. What interventions should be considered next? Vasopressor infusion with dopamine (0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/min) 1- to 2-L intravenous (IV) isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus Mechanical circulatory support Vasopressor infusion with epinephrine (2-10 mcg/min): 1- to 2-L intravenous (IV) isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus Mechanical circulatory support Vasopressor infusion with epinephrine (2-10 mcg/min)
- After delivering three shocks, the team leader orders the administration of amiodarone to a patient in cardiac arrest. What is the dose?
