Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Abdominal Imaging and Anatomy, Exams of Nursing

University of BirminghamNursing

A wide range of topics related to abdominal imaging and anatomy, including information about various arteries, veins, organs, and diseases. It provides detailed descriptions of the structure and function of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, and other abdominal structures, as well as the diagnostic characteristics of various abdominal conditions. A comprehensive reference for medical professionals or students studying abdominal imaging and anatomy. It includes numerous technical terms and medical concepts that would require a strong background in this field to fully understand and apply. Overall, the document could be a valuable resource for those seeking in-depth knowledge about the anatomy and imaging of the abdomen and its associated pathologies.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/23/2024

Prof_Edward
Prof_Edward šŸ‡¬šŸ‡§

1

(1)

58 documents

1 / 35

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1 / 17
ARDMS ABDOMEN BOARD REVIEW
1. the normal AP ddimension of the aorta lumen should not exceed: 3 cm
2. the celiac trunk is the first branch of the aorta: anterior
3. the celiac trifurcates into...?: the common hepatic artery
the left gastric artery
the splenic artery
4. the gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the...?: the common hepatic artery
5. this artery branches off the anterior aspect of the aorta and travels verti-
cally anterior and parallel to the aorta: the superior mesenteric artery
6. which renal artery has a more complicated course?: the right renal artery
7. an arterial disease in which the vessel wall loses its elasticity and becomes
hardened: arteriosclerosis
8. dilatation of a segment of a vessel wall caused by a weakness of all three
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23

Partial preview of the text

Download Abdominal Imaging and Anatomy and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

ARDMS ABDOMEN BOARD REVIEW

  1. the normal AP ddimension of the aorta lumen should not exceed: 3 cm
  2. the celiac trunk is the first branch of the aorta: anterior
  3. the celiac trifurcates into...?: the common hepatic artery the left gastric artery the splenic artery
  4. the gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the...?: the common hepatic artery
  5. this artery branches off the anterior aspect of the aorta and travels verti- cally anterior and parallel to the aorta: the superior mesenteric artery
  6. which renal artery has a more complicated course?: the right renal artery
  7. an arterial disease in which the vessel wall loses its elasticity and becomes hardened: arteriosclerosis
  8. dilatation of a segment of a vessel wall caused by a weakness of all three

layers of the vessel wall..?: aneurysm

  1. majority of aneurysms are located below...?: the level of the renal arteries
  2. the most common type of a true aneurysm is...?: fusiform
  3. tear of the intima layer of the vessel wall is a...: dissecting aneurysm
  4. aneurysm caused by arterial catheterization or trauma: pseudo aneurysm
  5. which renal vein has the more complicated course?: the left renal vein
  6. the right gonadal vein empties directly into the IVC but the left gonadal vein empties...: into the left renal vein which then empties into the IVC
  7. a liver measurement greater than - cm is considered he- patomegaly: 15 - 20
  8. normal variant of the right lobe of the liver extends inferiorly and may be mistaken for hepatomegaly: Riedel's Lobe
  9. the liver is almost completely covered by...: Glisson's Capsule
  10. arrange these in order from most echogenic to least echogenic: pancreas, spleen, renal medullary pyramids, liver, renal sinus, renal cortex- : renal sinus > pancreas > liver > or = spleen > renal cortex > renal medullary pyramids
  11. the liver is composed of three lobes...: left lobe, right lobe, caudate lobe
  1. the right hepatic vein divides the...: right lobe into anterior and posterior segments
  2. the left hepatic vein divides the...: left lobe into medial and lateral segments
  3. these veins drain blood from the caudate lobe: the right and left hepatic veins
  4. the ligamentum venosum divides the...: caudate lobe and the left lobe
  5. the ligamentum teres divides the...: left lobe into medial and lateral seg- ments
  6. the falciform ligament divides the ...: right and left lobe
  7. the coronary ligament connects the liver to...: the diaphragm
  8. the main lobar fissure divides...: right and left lobe
  9. the portal triad is...: the portal vein, the hepatic artery, and the common bile duct
  10. AST is increased with...: hepatocellular disease
  11. this lab value is useful in detecting acute hepatitis before jaundice occurs and following in the course of hepatitis: AST
  12. this lab test rises higher than AST and takes longer to return to normal-

: ALT

  1. alkaline phosphatase is increased in...: obstruction of the biliary system
  2. decrease in liver function with an increase in the liver enzymes due to the amount of necrosis is known as...: diffuse hepatocellular disease
  3. accumulation of fat within the hepatocytes...: fatty liver
  4. diffuse inflammatory process of the liver: acute hepatitis
  5. diffuse fibrotic process that involves the entire liver..: cirrhosis
  6. autosomal recessive liver disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. .... glyco- gen storage disease
  7. portal vein is considered enlarged if it measures over .. ?: 13mm
  8. obstruction of the hepatic veins caused by thrombosis or compression from a liver mass is known as..?: Budd-Chiari Syndrome
  9. the gallbladder wall should not exceed...: 3 mm
  10. the gallbladder is divided into three segments called..?: neck, body, fundus
  11. where are the spiral valves of Heister located?: in the cystic duct
  1. the most common fatal liver disorder in children: biliary atresia
  2. genetic trait characterized by a segmental saccular dilatation of the intrahepatic ducts that leads to bile stasis, bacterial growth, abscesses, cholangitis, formation of stones, and decreased liver function caused by the compression of the hepatocytes is called?: Caroli's Disease
  3. inflammation of the biliary tract caused by bacterial infection of the biliary tract: cholangitis
  4. stones in the common bile duct: choledocholithiasis
  5. inflammation and fibrosis of bile duct commonly associated with intra- hepatic calculi complications is called..: sclerosing cholangitis
  6. this is caused by the absence of blood supply to the gallbladder?: Gan- grene of the Gallbladder
  7. a shotgun sign is seen when...: bile ducts are dilated
  8. carcinoma that arises at the union of the right and left hepatic ducts...: - klatskin tumor
  1. the head of the pancreas is to the inferior vena cava and the right renal vein: anterior
  2. the common bile duct is in the margin of the pancreatic head: posterior lateral
  3. the artery may be visualized at the anterior lateral margin of the pancreatic head: gastro-duodenal
  4. tongue-like extension of the pancreatic neck: uncinate process
  5. a prominent uncinate process will displace the artery and vein to the pancreas: superior mesenteric, anterior
  6. largest portion of the pancreas: the body
  7. the splenic vein courses along the margin of the pancreas: - posterior
  8. the portal confluence is to the neck of the pancreas: posterior
  9. the main pancreatic duct is also known as: the duct of wirsung
  10. the accessory duct is called: duct of santorini
  11. true or false, the duct of wirsung and the duct of santorini enter the duodenum together: false
  1. form of pancreatitis where inflammation can extend outside the pan- creas: phlegmonous
  2. encapsulated pancreatic enzymes that are commonly found in the lesser sac?: pseudocyst
  3. the spleen is a part of the system: reticuloendothelial
  4. breakdown of hemoglobin, formation of bile pigment, formation of an- tibodies, production of lymphocytes and plasma cells, resevoir for blood, blood formation in the fetus are all functions of...: the spleen
  5. spleen in the ectopic location: wandering spleen
  6. failure of the spleen to develop: aplasia
  7. what are the three layers of protection the kidneys have from outside to inside?: Gerota's Fascia, perirenal fat, true capsule
  8. true or false, gerotas fascia encloses both the kidney and the adrenal gland: true
  9. maintaining salt and water balance, regulate the fluid volume, maintain acid and base balance are the functions of...: the kidneys
  10. renal dysfunction will cause this lab value to be elevated: serum creatinine
  11. this lab value is elevated when acute or chronic renal disease is present,

urinary obstruction, decreased with overhydration, liver failure, pregnancy- : Blood Urea Nitrogen

  1. least common and most fatal autosomal recessive, more common in females, bilateral echogenic enlarged kidneys with cysts: infantile polycystic kidney disease (IPKD) or autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
  2. autosomal dominant disease, relatively frequent, may be latent for years and not show symptoms until 4th decade, decreasing renal function, hyper- tension, flank pain, bilateral large kidneys with randomly distributed cortical cysts of various sizes, kidneys loose shape in advanced stages: adult poly- cystic kidney disease (APKD) or autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
  3. kidneys inability to filter metabolites from the blood resulting in de- creased renal function: renal failure
  4. most common cause of acute renal failure, destruction of the tubular epithelial cells of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules: acute tubular necrosis
  1. what are the three zones of the adrenal cortex from outer to inner: zona glomerulosa, zona fasiculata, zona reticularis
  2. which zone of the adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoids: zona fasic- ulata
  3. which zone of the adrenal cortex produces mineralcorticoids: zona glomerulosa
  4. which zone of the adrenal cortex produces gonadocorticoids: zona retic- ularis
  5. the adrenal hormones are regulated by...: adrenocorticotropic homones (ACTH)
  6. epinephrine and norepinephrine is produced by...: the adrenal medulla
  7. the 5 layers of the GI tract in order from inner to outer: mucosa, submu- cosa, muscularis, serosa, mesothelium
  8. three part of the small intestine in order: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
  1. the ascending colon into the transverse colon is called: the hepatic flexure
  2. the transverse colon into the descending colon is called: the splenic flexure
  3. the thyroid gland is consider this type of gland: endocrine
  4. what are the three major hormones the thyroid secretes: thyroxine, tri- idothyronine, calcitonin
  5. which two major vessels lie posterior lateral to the thyroid: common carotid artery and internal jugular vein
  6. which strap muscle lies anterior and slightly lateral to the thyroid: ster- nohyoid muscle
  7. which strap muscle is posterior to the sternohyoid: sternothyroid muscle
  8. this strap muscle is adjacent to the trachea and is posterior to the thyroid and the common carotid arteries: longus colli muscle
  9. this gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone: the anterior pituitary gland
  10. painless diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland is known as: Hashimo- tos Thyroiditis
  1. the epididymis run into this duct: ductus vas deferens
  2. the draining veins of the scrotum, nerves, and lymphatics form this: - spermatic cord
  3. the spermatic cord joins with a duct from the seminal vesicle to form this duct: the ejaculatory duct
  4. the space between the liver and the diaphragm and is a common site for abscess: subphrenic space
  5. which crus of the diaphragm is visualized anterior to the aorta above the level of the celiac artery?: the left crus
  6. the right crus is seen where?: posterior to the caudate lobe and IVC
  7. abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneum secondary to a pathological process: ascites
  8. anechoic freely mobile usually benign ascites: transudative
  9. internal echoes, loculated, associated with infection and malignancy ascites: exudative
  10. in cases of massive ascites this will also be present: respiratory distress
  11. fluid accumulations in order in the supine patient (5 areas): inferior tip (right lobe liver), superior portion (right flank), pelvic cul-de-sac, right paracolic

gutter (lateral and anterior to liver), Morrison's pouch

  1. encased collection of pus: abscess
  2. this type of abscess is associated with cholangitis, sepsis, and pene- trating trauma to the liver: intrahepatic
  3. this type of abscess is associated with cholecystectomy: subhepatic
  4. this type of abscess is associated with bacterial spill into peritoneum, bowel rupture, peptic ulcer perforation, trauma: subphrenic
  5. how to tell the difference between ascites and abscess: move the patient erect, ascites will move to the dependent portion
  6. what are the three areas of the retroperitoneum: anterior perirenal space, perirenal space, posterior perirenal space
  7. what organs lie in the anterior perirenal space: retroperitoneal portion of the intestines and the pancreas
  8. what organs lie in the perirenal space: kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, aorta, IVC, retroperitoneal nodes
  1. lymphocytes and reticulum cells make up: lymph nodes
  2. two functions of the lymph nodes: filtration and production of lymphocytes and antibodies
  3. normal lymph node size: less than 1 cm
  4. enlarged nodes posterior to the aorta or will displace the great vessels away from the spine: floating aorta sign
  5. nodes that surround the mesenteric vessels: sandwich sign
  6. anterior renal displacement, anterior dilated ureter displacement, an- terior displacement of the retroperitoneal fat ventrally and often cranially, anterior vascular displacement are characteristics of a mass located...: in the retroperitoneum
  7. a 2 - year old boy presents with hematuria and a palpable left flank mass. An ultrasound examination is performed, and a solid renal mass is identified. This finding is most characteristic of which of the following choices? hypernephroma, wilm's tumor, neuroblastoma, infantile polycystic kidney disease, renal infarction: Wilm's tumor
  1. a patient presents with ampulla of Vater obstruction, distension of the gallbladder, and painless jaundice. this is associated with which of the following choices? hydropic gallbladder, choledochal cyst, courvoisers sign, hartmann's pouch, kehrs sign: courvoisiers sign
  2. long standing cystic duct obstruction will give rise to which of the following? porcelain gallbladder, hydropic gallbladder, septated gallbladder, gallbladder septations, gallbladder contraction: hydropic gallbladder
  3. while performing an ultrasound examination, the sonographer finds that both kidneys measure 5 cm in length. They are very echogenic. One should consider the possibility of all of the following except: chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, renal vasular disease, renal vein thrombosis: renal vein thrombosis
  4. a common cause of acute pyelonephritis? hypertension, pyogenic bacteria, renal cell carcinoma, hydronephrosis: pyo- genic bacteria
  5. the largest zone of the prostate?