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- What does Part 139 - Inspection of Unpaved Areas mean?: Inspecting an unpaved runways used for air carrier use.
Maintain and repair surface of gravel, turf, or other unpaved runway, taxiway, loading ramp, or taxiway available for air carrier use.
Example: Alaska
- Pavement and Safety Area: Pavement Requirements: Must be able to survive adverse weather conditions. Withstand abrasive pounding. Withstand sudden loads that would impact pavement when an aircraft lands/takes off.
- Which of the following types of pavement are laid out without expansion joints or seams?: Porous Asphalt
- Describe Asphalt pavement.: Laid without expansion joints or seams (poured). Less expensive than concrete to install. Higher maintenance. Susceptible to oxidation from the sun's ultraviolet rays. (Over time the sun lightens it up and obscures markings.)
- Describe concrete pavement.: Poured into distinctive slabs that require seams or joints. Higher cost. Can withstand much higher aircraft loads. Resists weathering and oil or fuel spillage.
- Pavement Condition and Inspection: What is inspected in the daily prevention inspection for holes and cracks?: - 3/5/
Holes opening more than 5 Inches in diameter, exceeding 3 inches in depth, with an inside side slope greater than 45 degrees.
Any crack that could impede/ impair the directional control of an aircraft.
- What is inspected in the daily prevention inspection for pavement outside of holes and cracks?: Pavement edges exceeding 3 inches (or that could impede water runoff.)
Buildup of rubber deposits.
Report and monitor any cracks, holes, variations and vegetation.
trans-
ty of an
Loose joint seal material.
- What is the most effective means of preserving airport runways, taxiways, and other paved areas?: Through the implementation of an Airport Pavement Management System (APMS)
- occurs when water has built up in the pavement base and pressure from an aircraft load, or contracting soils causes the pavement to suddenly blow out.: Pumping
- What asphalt category of defects includes raveling and potholes (as well as scaling, map cracking, crazing [hairline cracks], Alkali-Sicilia Reaction (ASR) and Spalling [slab breakdown])?: Disintegration
- Describe the asphalt category for defects: Cracking: Longitudinal, verse, shrinkage, shattered slab, alligator, etc.
Longitudinal cracking is more severe than transverse due to the propensi aircraft tire to get stuck in the crack.
- What asphalt category of defects includes ruts, depressions, and swelling (pumping, settlement, shoving/by unstable concrete)?: Distortion
- What asphalt category of defects includes polished aggregate, contami- nants, fuel/oil spillage?: Loss of skid resistance.
- How is most pavement deteriorated?: Weather , aging, and structural loads.
- How can one decipher if a plane is too heavy for a runway?: Check ACN and PCN:
Aircraft Classification Number (ACN) - Based on weight and wheelbase.
AND
Corresponding Pavement Classification Number - Based on testing Airport's pave- ment.
AND
If the ACN > PCN = Aircraft cannot operate without restrictions on airport runway.
If the PCN > ACN= Aircraft can operate without restrictions on airport runway.
- What are the two ways friction is measured on pavement?: Decelerometer (DEC)
cision instru-
,000 feet.
: White
ay?: White
nd yellow
- What is one of the most important things an Airport Operator can do for a pilot?: Visible and Accurate signs, markings and lights (SML)
- What provides information to Air Traffic Controllers, Airfield Vehicle Oper- ators, and to the Movement Area?: Airport signs, markings and lights (SML)
- What do Airport signs, markings and lights (SML) identify and provide?: - Identify the aircraft or vehicle operators' location on the airfield.
Provides direction on how to reach desired location.
- What color are the edge lights on the last 20000 feet of a pre ment runway?: Yellow
- Describe 3-2-1 lights on a precision instrument runway.: 3k (alt red/white) - 2k (yellow) - 1k (red)
- Alternating Red and White centerline runway lights beginning last 3
- Yellow runway edge lights last 2,000 feet.
- Red centerline runway lights last 1,000 feet.
- What color are edge lights before last 2,000 feet of runway?
- What color are centerline lights up to last 3,000 feet of runw
- What color are touchdown lights on the runway?: White
- What color(s) are the taxiway lead-in/lead-off lights?: Green a taxiway lead-in/lead-off lights.
- What color are the runways identifier lights for the: Close-end of approach?
he type of
nd/or low
- What color are the taxiway's edge lights?: Blue (installed).
- What color are the taxiway's centerline lights?: Green (installed).
- What does the Airport Lighting Configuration depend on?: T approach the runway is certificated.
- Why would an airport need Winsock lighting?: For nighttime a visibility conditions.
Designed to show wind direction and general wind speed
- When:
- When are High Intensity Runway Lights (HIRL) used?: Used on Runways w/Precision Instrument approaches
5 levels to cycle thru
- When are Medium Intensity Runway Lights (MIRL) used?: Used on Runways w/Non-Precision Instrument approaches
3 levels to cycle thru
- When are Low Intensity Runway Lights (LIRL) used?: Used on Runways w/only visual approaches
- Who operates Airport Lighting?: Operated by the tower (if available), or sometimes thru Pilot control (on a timer or a light sensor)
- What is the Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (SMGCS)?- : Lightning system used at airports with low visibility.
Helps guide aircraft operators to their destination on the runway / taxiway and ramp areas.
Becomes effective at 1,200 Runway Visual Range (RVR)
- Who controls the Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (SMGCS)?: Air traffic control
Far-end of approach?: Green = close end of approach. Red = far end of approach.
Ls) located?-
black on a ean?: You
ding.
provide or Ground
3 red & 1 white - slightly low (2.8°) 4 white - low (2.5°)
- Where are Runway End Identifier Lights (aka REILs and REN : Strobes located at the beginning of the runway.
- What are Omnidirectional Lights (ODALS)?: Strobes that flash off into the night, to identify the runway. Commonly used at airports with visual approach runways. Not as bright (single series of lights like REILS)
- When driving on a taxiway and see a sign with a letter "A" in yellow background, and an arrow pointing right, what does this m are approaching taxiway Alpha.
- What do Mandatory Instruction Signs look like and require?: White inscrip- tions on a red background.
Require: An individual at a controlled airport = obtain clearance before procee
OR
At an uncontrolled airport = continue only with appropriate precautions.
Red and white = Runway in Sight! (Most impt. on airport)
- Describe runway distance remaining signs (color and reason).: Black back- ground with white number.
Number = distance (thousands-feet) of remaining runway. -1,000 increments.
Last sign (1) located at least 950 feet from the runway end.
Black square you're there! = Where you are at.
- Describe directional signs (color and reason).: Directional signs information on the location and orientation of other taxiways for the Pilot Operator.
Yellow array lights the way!
ces runway.
marking is arking.
500 Feet
ide Stripes
ntrance to a
eate?: De- rom the
- Describe the Runway Boundary Sign / Hold Bar:: Sign that fa Visible to Pilots exiting the runway. Located next to yellow holding position on taxiway pavement. Taxi past sign to be clear of runway.
- On a certified non-precision approach runway, which runway located 1,000 feet from the runway threshold?: The Aiming Point m
- How are runways numbered?: According to the direction they point toward in relation to magnetic North NOT true North.
- Touchdown zone marking are located how many feet apart?: Let's the pilot know how much pavement they have eaten up.
- What marking delineates the edges of the runway.: Runway S
- What does the Holding Position marking denote?: Denotes e runway from a taxiway, Approach hold position on a taxiway, or LAHSO holding position on a runway.
- What does the Non-Movement Area Boundary marking delin lineates the non-movement area under the Air Traffic Control (ATC), f non-movement area.
- What is a Notice of Airman (NOTAM)?: Contain time-sensitive info essential for the safety of flight.
- What NOTAM would be issued to describe snow on the runway?: Field Condition Notam
- Airport Conditions / NOTAMS: The airport has a duty to notify users of or changes.: Unantic- ipated or temporary changes.
- Who is responsible for the timely collection and dissemination of airport conditions to air carriers?: Airport Operator
- What are deficient airport conditions?: Include conditions that could have an immediate impact and critical impact on the safety of aircraft operations, or any non-compliant Part 139 condition (that the airport does not meet).
o plow snow hen air blast dge.
s. ncentrations of
- What spreads sand on deicing materials?: Spreaders
- What does Multi Function Equipment (MFE) provide?: Ability t with front end blade, broom residue w/ center-mounted broom, and t residue and apply sand or de-icing solution with rear-mounted cartri
Can reduce snow removal as much as 50% over dingle function truck
- Rotary Snow Blowers are used for:: Primarily to cast heavy co snow away from airport ops areas.
- Why would an airport need beacons?: Civilian airports need these.
Flash an alternating white/green pattern.
Shows location of airport and used at night or in poor visibility.
- What is the ARFF Index based on?: Longest air carrier aircraft with 5 or more average daily departures
- What does the FAA Part 139 identify as an Airport's level of emergency capability"?: The "Index"
- What are the Airport's firefighting index needs based on?: Amount of Equip- ment needed. Types of Extinguishing Agents. Trained Staff to meet response times.
- Describe the initial 3-minute response.: 1st fire apparatus, meeting the index within 3 minutes, to the farthest runway.
- Describe the 4-minute response.: Remaining apparatus required by index, 4-minutes to midpoint of the farthest runway.
- What is the main responsibility of ARFF crew members?: First responsibili- ty: To create a path for the evacuation and/or rescue of aircraft passengers and crew members.
Secondary = put out the fire.
- What do you need to do if the airport falls below its ARFF index?: Issue a NOTAM
- trucks haul snow away.: Carrier
RGE amounts
- How long is ARFF required to be available before and after the air carrier operation?: 15/ At least 15 min before and 15 minutes after.
- What must at least one ARFF person on-duty at a Part 139 airport be trained on?: Basic Medical Care
- What must ARFF personnel be trained in?: Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting 40- Hour School
- What type of exercise must Class I commercial service airports conduct and how often?: 1 Full-Scale Emergency Exercise every 3 years
- What are the 3 main fire suppressants used by ARFF at airports?: Water Foam Dry Chemicals
- Describe Aqueous Film Forming Foam.: -ARFF can cover LA of spilled jet fuel in a short time period. -Coats the burning materials and cuts off oxygen.
- Describe Dry Chemical.: -Good for initial knock down of a fire, will fire back up. -Effective on liquid fires. -Most popular brands: ABC Chemical, Purple-K, and BC Chemical.
- What is the FAAs main focus regarding Fuel and Fire?: Identifying and preventing ignition sources.
Watch for fire hazards during the daily and continuous inspections.
- What is more flammable than jet fuel?: Avgas is more flammable. Flash point below 100°F
Jet A is combustible. Flash point above 100°F
- Which entity is required to establish/implement procedures for access to, and operate in, movement/safety areas by pedestrians/vehicles, at an airport.: Airport Operator
- Who always has the right-of-way?: Aircraft
- What do you need to keep at a minimum in the movement area of an airport: Vehicular activity must be kept to a minimum.
- Who determines the proper procedures for what vehicles/pedestrians can operate in the movement area?: Airport management
- Economic costs from are significant.: Bird strikes
- What does the Part 139 dictate on wildlife procedures?: Airport managers must establish instructions/procedures for prevention/removal of wildlife.
- Where do the majority of wildlife strikes occur?: Below 600 Feet
- True or False: You must report ALL wildlife strikes to the FAA.: True.
- The Airport Certification Manual must contain 1:3 elements related to wildlife.: Statement of Negative Activity (very rare) Statement of No-Hazard (usually after wildlife assessment) Wildlife Hazard Management Plan
- What are the 2 main approaches to control wildlife?: Habitat Modification Making the area less attractive for wildlife
Eliminate food sources, ponding Land use management practices
- What are wildlife active control measures?: Dispersal Trapping Lethal Control
- Which of the following incidents are likely to be discovered during a continuous inspection, rather than a daily for special inspection?: Construction vehicles and personnel not staying within designated areas.
- What do you look for in Daily Inspections? (Beginning and End of Shifts): Ensure each construction area near a runway, safety area, or NAVAID is properly marked and lit.
Ensure frangible and/or mass barriers are used.
Ensure stockpiled materials are away from aircraft movement area.
Ensure construction equipment is parked away from the aircraft movement areas.
- To the extent practicable, the Airport Operator must provide for an emer- gency response for: The largest air carrier aircraft in the ARFF Index Group.
- Describe the Airport Emergency Plan (AEP).: Plan for prompt response to all emergencies.
Provide adequate guidance.
Provide for response to largest air carrier aircraft in the index group (to the extent possible).
s)?: Regional
Today, the community relies on the airport to be much more than just a commercial service airport.
- What part of Airport Emergency Planning requires elected officials to be legally responsible for emergency and disaster planning?*
*Jurisdiction authority: The Stafford Act
- The AEP should be coordinated with what plan(s)/program( and Community Emergency Plans AND Airport Security Program
- What's the purpose of the Airport Emergency Plan (AEP): Delegate Author- ity.
Assign responsibilities.
Coordinate efforts by responding personnel.
Orderly transition between normal and emergency operations.
- What are the four pieces of the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan?: Mitigation Public Education / Hazard & Vulnerability Assessment / Improved infrastructure
Preparedness Emergency Response Plans / Training and Exercises / Sirens
Recovery Economic Recovery / Debris Management / Housing / Health and Social Services
Response Life Safety / Incident Stabilization / Property Preservation / Evacuation & Shelters / Mass Care
- What is included in Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan: Miti- gation: Public Education Hazard & Vulnerability Assessment Improved infrastructure
- What is included in Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan: Pre- paredness: Emergency Response Plans
Multiagency coordination system Joint Public Information systems
- Regarding Incident Command, what is the role of the Airport Executive?- : Command -Act with clearly defined authority
Control
- Follow established procedures and practices
Communication -The "central nervous system" of the overall response.
- In the Incident Commands System, which section acts as the tactical operators, tasked with taking the action to get the work done?: Operations
- Under Incident Commands System: Command>Personnel Roles:: Inci- dent Commander - Most related to the problem. Safety Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer
- Under Incident Commands System: Command>Personnel "that does the work": They take the tactical actions to solve the problem (on scene/forefront).
Operations Police Fire EMS Maintenance
- Under Incident Commands System: Planning> Planning's team's job?: To develop Incident Action Plans (IAP) for next 24-48 hrs.
- Under Incident Commands System: Planning> Logistics team's job?: To Obtain Resources
- Under Incident Commands System: Planning> Administration team's job?: Track spending
Track overtime
Legal Representation
- Alert Levels: Describe Alert 1: Local Standby -An Aircraft that is known or suspected to have an operational defect that should not normally cause serious difficulty achieving a safe landing.
-No response is required. -Response units involved will be staffed and and will stand by in quarters.
- Alert Levels: Describe Alert 2: Full Emergency (Still flying but not good situation) -An Aircraft that is known or suspected to have an operational defect that affects normal flight operations if there id danger of an accident. -All units respond to pre-designated positions.
- Alert Levels: Describe Alert 3: Aircraft Accident -An aircraft accident/incident has occurred on or near the airport. -All designated emergency response units proceed to the scene according to established plans and procedures.
- Post Accident Investigations, who is the lead Federal agency?: The Na- tional Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)
- Post Accident Investigations, who is responsible for preserving the acci- dent scene?: Airport
- Post Accident Investigations, should you move he deceased or wreckage in an accident?: No, do not move deceased or wreckage (unless to protect the wreckage)
- Which of the 6 elements of dispatch relates to the determination of the nature of the call?: Interrogation
- What do Irregular Types of Operations include?: Surge Capacity After Hours Extended Stay
- Irregular Operations: Passengers cannot sit for more than: hours domestic / hours international without offering opportunity to get off plane, except by or over- rides in specific situations.: no more than 3 hours domestic / 4 hours international -Pilots override for safety / security issues -ATC can override for flow control concern
- What is the Airport Communications Center (ACC)?: Often the hub of an airport.
Brings together many elements: -Computer-aided dispatch for police & fire personnel -Coordination of airside and landside emergencies -Monitoring of weather -Security access control -CCTV Systems
ments' behalf.
- What airport processes are not controlled by the airport operator?: Tick- eting Baggage Claim Screening
- 4 techniques the Airport Operator can use to influence the passenger experience?: Airport Ambassador Programs - retied people able to engage / vol- unteer.
Therapy Dogs
Calming Music throughout the Terminal (not checkpoint).
Contractors to assist with line queue management and security divestiture process.
- What is the role of Concessions in Passenger Experience?: A robust concessions program can increase airport revenue and customer satisfaction
Recent trends involve passengers who are looking for healthier food options along with local, regional, and global brand.
- What are the Landside Operations: Customer Facility Charges (CFC)?: - Parking lot operations and airport access charges for commercial ground transporta- tion operators can provide a significant amount of non-aeronautical revenue to the airport.
- What does a commercial (civil) purpose drone weighing under 55lbs require?: An FAA Remote Pilot Certificate
- Name the 3 classes of unmanned aircraft system operations.: Public Civil Model Aircraft
- What is a Public Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)?: Aircraft operated by the US Government or another entity authorized to operate on the govern
Remote Pilot Certificate required Part 107
- What is a Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)?: May be required to perform commercial or other operations that are considered non-hobby or non-recreational.
Remote Pilot Certificate required Part 107
Construction, sheriff's lost and found, power lines, surveys, etc.
- What is a Model Aircraft Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)?: Weighing under 55lbs and used by hobbyist as model aircraft.
No certification required. Only, FLY SAFELY. Part 101
- What website did the FAA establish for UAV operators and what does it provide?: "Know Before You Fly"
Provides UAV operators with information on how to safely operate UAVs
- What is Title 14 FAR Part 107 ("Drone Regulation"): Operation and Certifi- cation of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Which allows drone operations of Civil UAVs.
- Less than 55 lbs. commercial/govt use (provided operator has a Remote Pilot Airmen Certificate (online exam).
- What requirements must UAV Operators follow:: Fly below 400 ft. (remain clear of surrounding obstacles)
Keep aircraft within visual line of site all times
Remain clear of and DON'T interfere with manned aircraft operations
DON'T fly within 5 miles of an airport (unless you contact airport/ATC prior to)
DON'T fly near people or stadiums
DON'T fly aircraft weighing more than 55lbs
DON'T be careless or reckless with UAV, or you can be fined for endangering people pr other aircraft
- What does operating a civil UAV under Section 333 Exemption (Certificate of Authorization) require?: UAV must have an N-Number (aircraft registration no.)
UAV Operator must specify to the FAA the individuals authorized to operate the UAV
Conduct Airworthiness study and certify to the FAA it is safe to fly
Mostly restricted to Class D, E, and G airspace.
