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Guidance for healthcare professionals in evaluating children presenting with signs of early onset puberty, specifically adrenarche. It includes information on the definition, clinical features, investigation results, and differential diagnosis of adrenarche, as well as recommendations for further investigations and referrals. The document also emphasizes the importance of distinguishing adrenarche from precocious puberty and other abnormalities of secondary sexual development.
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Approved by the SPE
Version 1.
Date of Issue: March 2015
Review Date: 08.10.
To be reviewed: 08.10.
NOTE This guideline is not intended to be of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc and patterns of care evolve. Adherence should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the same results. The ultimate judgement must be m decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following discussion of the options with the patient, covering the di significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is ta
NSDxxxx-
xxV
the SPEG Guidelines Group
March 2015
Review Date: 08.10.
08.10.
This guideline is not intended to be construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc and patterns of care evolve. Adherence to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the same results. The ultimate judgement must be made by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following discussion of the options with the patient, covering the diagnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is taken.
construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advance to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
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Contents
Purpose of this document
Who should use this document
Patients to whom this document applies
1
NO
PRIMARY or SECONDARY CARE
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
Child presents with the followingClinical features:
-^
Pubic/axillary hair
-^
Body odour
-^
Acne
Signs of central puberty?
-^
Breast development
-^
Testicular volume
≥
4 ml
On examination or reported byparents.( Refer onwards if unable to assess
)
Signs of virilisation
?
-^
Clitoromegaly
-^
Penile enlargement
On examination or reported byparents. (Refer onwards if unable to assess
)
-^ Review in 3 - 4 months
:
-^
Height velocity > 90th centile orheight increasing across centiles
-^
Reassess for breast or testiculardevelopment or virilisation
Refer to Secondary Care
.
Investigations to excludecentral precocious puberty:
-^
Bone age
-^
Baseline LH and FSH
-^
Oestradiol/testosterone
-^
Consider GnRH test
Refer to Endocrinologist Initial investigations forandrogen secreting tumour andcongenital adrenal hyperplasia:
Bone age
17 hydroxyprogesterone
Testosterone
Androstenedione
DHEAS
Cortisol, ACTH
LH&FSH
Oestradiol
Consider urine steroidprofile if virilisation
Reassure that consistent withadrenarche and discharge
Result interpretation:
-^
See page 3
-^
Discuss results withtertiary Endocrinologist
A
ge
Girl < 8 years, Boy < 9 years? No action required if no otherconcerning features.Reassure and provide adrenarcheinformation leaflet
Age
G
irl <6 years,
B
oy <
7 years
SECONDARY CARE
Provide adrenarcheinformation leaflet
YES
YES
YES
YES
Interpretation of clinical findings and investigation results
Breast/testicular
development
Clitoral/penile
growth
Linear growthacceleration
Bone Age
Androgens
Gonadotrophins
Prematureadrenarche
Absent
Absent
Absent, or slightinitial acceleration
Up to 2 yearsadvanced onchronological ageCorrelated withheight age
Early pubertal,DHEAS may bemoderately elevated
Prepubertal
Precocious puberty
Stage 2+ breastdevelopment ≥
4ml testicular volume
Absent or early
Progressivelyaccelerated
Progressivelyaccelerated
May be normal orelevated for ageOestradiol may beelevated
Early pubertal(If suppressedconsider oestrogensecreting tumour)
Congenital adrenalhyperplasia
Absent
Enlargement
Moderately tomarkedly accelerated
Moderately ormarkedly advancedfor age and pubertalstage
Moderately tomarkedly elevated
Prepubertal
Virilising tumours
Absent
Marked andprogressiveenlargement
Markedly accelerated
Markedly andprogressivelyadvanced
Markedly elevated
Prepubertal orsuppressed
Iatrogenic
Absent
Marked andprogressiveenlargement
Markedly accelerated
Markedly andprogressivelyadvanced
Markedly elevatedtestosterone
Prepubertal orsuppressed