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Adrenarche Clinical Guideline: Management of Children with Early Onset Puberty, Lecture notes of Endocrinology

Guidance for healthcare professionals in evaluating children presenting with signs of early onset puberty, specifically adrenarche. It includes information on the definition, clinical features, investigation results, and differential diagnosis of adrenarche, as well as recommendations for further investigations and referrals. The document also emphasizes the importance of distinguishing adrenarche from precocious puberty and other abnormalities of secondary sexual development.

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2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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Clinical Guideline
Adrenarche
Management of children presenting with
hair/body odour/acne
Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and
other abnormalities of secondary sexual development
Dr Sarah Kiff
, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian
Dr Louise Bath
, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian
Approved by
the SPE
Version 1.1
Date of Issue:
March 2015
Review Date: 08.10.2018
To be reviewed:
08.10.2021
NOTE
This guideline is not intended to be
of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc
and patterns of care evolve. Adherence
should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the
same results. The ultimate judgement must be m
decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following
discussion of the options with the patient, covering the di
significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is ta
Scottish Paediatric Endocrine
NSDxxxx
xxV1
Clinical Guideline
Adrenarche
Management of children presenting with
hair/body odour/acne
Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and
other abnormalities of secondary sexual development
, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian
, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian
the SPE
G Guidelines Group
March 2015
Review Date: 08.10.2018
08.10.2021
This guideline is not intended to be
construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis
of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc
and patterns of care evolve. Adherence
to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor
should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the
same results. The ultimate judgement must be m
ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical
decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following
discussion of the options with the patient, covering the di
agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that
significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
patients case notes at the time the relevant decision is ta
ken.
Scottish Paediatric Endocrine
Group
National Managed Clinical
Management of children presenting with
signs of early onset pubic
Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and
other abnormalities of secondary sexual development
, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian
, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian
construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis
of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc
to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor
should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the
ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical
decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following
agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that
significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
National Managed Clinical
Network
signs of early onset pubic
Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and
, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian
construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis
of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc
e
to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor
should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the
ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical
decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following
agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that
significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the
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Clinical Guideline

Adrenarche

Management of children presenting with

hair/body odour/acne

Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and

other abnormalities of secondary sexual development

Dr Sarah Kiff, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian

Dr Louise Bath, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian

Approved by the SPE

Version 1.

Date of Issue: March 2015

Review Date: 08.10.

To be reviewed: 08.10.

NOTE This guideline is not intended to be of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc and patterns of care evolve. Adherence should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the same results. The ultimate judgement must be m decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following discussion of the options with the patient, covering the di significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is ta

Scottish Paediatric Endocrine

NSDxxxx-

xxV

Clinical Guideline

Adrenarche

Management of children presenting with

hair/body odour/acne

Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and

other abnormalities of secondary sexual development

, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian

, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian

the SPEG Guidelines Group

March 2015

Review Date: 08.10.

08.10.

This guideline is not intended to be construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc and patterns of care evolve. Adherence to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the same results. The ultimate judgement must be made by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following discussion of the options with the patient, covering the diagnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is taken.

Scottish Paediatric Endocrine Group National Managed Clinical

Management of children presenting with signs of early onset pubic

Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and

other abnormalities of secondary sexual development

, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, NHS Lothian

, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian

construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advanc to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the

National Managed Clinical Network

signs of early onset pubic

Includes guidance for the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and

, Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NHS Lothian

construed or to serve as a standard of care. Standards of care are determined on the basis of all clinical data available for an individual case and are subject to change as scientific knowledge and technology advance to guideline recommendations will not ensure a successful outcome in every case, nor should they be construed as including all proper methods of care or excluding other acceptable methods of care aimed at the ade by the appropriate healthcare professional(s) responsible for clinical decisions regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan. This judgement should only be arrived at following agnostic and treatment choices available. It is advised, however, that significant departures from the national guideline or any local guidelines derived from it should be fully documented in the

Page 2 of 6

Management of Adrenarche in children: presenting with signs of early onset

pubic hair/body odour/acne

Contents

Contents ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Description of Guideline ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Purpose of this document. .................................................................................................... 2

Who should use this document. ............................................................................................ 2

Patients to whom this document applies ............................................................................... 2

Definition of adrenarche ........................................................................................................ 3

Clinical features .................................................................................................................... 3

Biochemical findings ............................................................................................................. 3

Clinical significance ............................................................................................................... 3

Interpretation of clinical findings and investigation results: .................................................... 5

References ........................................................................................................................... 6

Purpose of this document

  • To guide evaluation of a child presenting with features suggestive of adrenarche.
  • To guide the distinction between adrenarche, precocious puberty and other

abnormalities of secondary sexual development.

Who should use this document

General practitioners, paediatricians and paediatric endocrinologists.

Patients to whom this document applies

Children presenting with pubic hair growth, axillary hair, body odour and acne before the

expected age of puberty.

1

NO

PRIMARY or SECONDARY CARE

YES

NO

NO

NO

NO

Child presents with the followingClinical features:

-^

Pubic/axillary hair

-^

Body odour

-^

Acne

Signs of central puberty?

-^

Breast development

-^

Testicular volume

4 ml

On examination or reported byparents.( Refer onwards if unable to assess

)

Signs of virilisation

?

-^

Clitoromegaly

-^

Penile enlargement

On examination or reported byparents. (Refer onwards if unable to assess

)

-^ Review in 3 - 4 months

:

-^

Height velocity > 90th centile orheight increasing across centiles

-^

Reassess for breast or testiculardevelopment or virilisation

Refer to Secondary Care

.

Investigations to excludecentral precocious puberty:

-^

Bone age

-^

Baseline LH and FSH

-^

Oestradiol/testosterone

-^

Consider GnRH test

Refer to Endocrinologist Initial investigations forandrogen secreting tumour andcongenital adrenal hyperplasia:

Bone age

17 hydroxyprogesterone

Testosterone

Androstenedione

DHEAS

Cortisol, ACTH

LH&FSH

Oestradiol

Consider urine steroidprofile if virilisation

Reassure that consistent withadrenarche and discharge

Result interpretation:

-^

See page 3

-^

Discuss results withtertiary Endocrinologist

A

ge

Girl < 8 years, Boy < 9 years? No action required if no otherconcerning features.Reassure and provide adrenarcheinformation leaflet

Age

G

irl <6 years,

B

oy <

7 years

SECONDARY CARE

Provide adrenarcheinformation leaflet

YES

YES

YES

YES

Interpretation of clinical findings and investigation results

Breast/testicular

development

Clitoral/penile

growth

Linear growthacceleration

Bone Age

Androgens

Gonadotrophins

Prematureadrenarche

Absent

Absent

Absent, or slightinitial acceleration

Up to 2 yearsadvanced onchronological ageCorrelated withheight age

Early pubertal,DHEAS may bemoderately elevated

Prepubertal

Precocious puberty

Stage 2+ breastdevelopment ≥

4ml testicular volume

Absent or early

Progressivelyaccelerated

Progressivelyaccelerated

May be normal orelevated for ageOestradiol may beelevated

Early pubertal(If suppressedconsider oestrogensecreting tumour)

Congenital adrenalhyperplasia

Absent

Enlargement

Moderately tomarkedly accelerated

Moderately ormarkedly advancedfor age and pubertalstage

Moderately tomarkedly elevated

Prepubertal

Virilising tumours

Absent

Marked andprogressiveenlargement

Markedly accelerated

Markedly andprogressivelyadvanced

Markedly elevated

Prepubertal orsuppressed

Iatrogenic

Absent

Marked andprogressiveenlargement

Markedly accelerated

Markedly andprogressivelyadvanced

Markedly elevatedtestosterone

Prepubertal orsuppressed