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1.1 What is Solid Mechanics?
Solid mechanics is the study of the deformation and motion of solid materials under the action of forces. It is one of the fundamental applied engineering sciences, in the sense that it is used to describe, explain and predict many of the physical phenomena around us.
Here are some of the wide-ranging questions which solid mechanics tries to answer:
Solid mechanics is a vast subject. One reason for this is the wide range of materials which falls under its ambit: steel, wood, foam, plastic, foodstuffs, textiles, concrete, biological materials, and so on. Another reason is the wide range of applications in which these materials occur. For example, the hot metal being slowly forged during the manufacture of an aircraft component will behave very differently to the metal of an automobile which crashes into a wall at high speed on a cold day.
When will this cliff collapse?
How does the heart contract and expand as it is pumped?
When will these gears wear out?
How long will a tuning fork vibrate for?
How will the San Andreas fault in California progress? How will the ground move during an earthquake?
why does nature use the materials it how do you build a bridge does? which will not collapse?
American Plate
Pacific Plate
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Knee
Here are some examples of Solid Mechanics of the cold, hot, slow and fast …
Here are some examples of Solid Mechanics of the small, large, fragile and strong …
1.1.1 Aspects of Solid Mechanics
The theory of Solid Mechanics starts with the rigid body , an ideal material in which the distance between any two particles remains fixed, a good approximation in some applications. Rigid body mechanics is usually subdivided into statics , the mechanics of materials and structures at rest, for example of a cable- stayed bridge dynamics , the study of bodies which are changing speed, for example of an accelerating and decelerating elevator
Following on from statics and dynamics usually comes the topic of Mechanics of Materials (or Strength of Materials ). This is the study of some elementary but very relevant deformable materials and structures, for example beams and pressure vessels. Elasticity theory is used, in which a material is assumed to undergo small deformations when loaded and, when unloaded, returns to its original shape. The theory well approximates the behaviour of most real solid materials at low loads, and the behaviour of the “engineering materials”, for example steel and concrete, right up to fairly high loads.
how did this Antarctic ice fracture? what materials can withstand extreme heat?
how much will this glacier move in one year? what damage will occur during a car crash?
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what affects the quality of paper? (shown are fibers 0.02mm thick) how will a ship withstand wave slamming?
how strong is an eggshell and what prevents it from cracking? how thick should a dam be to withstand the water pressure?
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Images used:
- http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Haute-Ville-on-Cliff-Edge-Bonifacio-South-Corsica-Corsica-France- Mediterranean-Europe-Posters_i8943529_.htm
- http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/1662/20130430/uk-begin-clinical-trials-gene-therapy-treat-heart- failure.htm
- Microsoft Clip Art
- http://geology.com/articles/san-andreas-fault.shtml
- http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/sunshineskyway1_bridge.html
- http://www.healio.com/orthopedics/sports-medicine/news/online/%7B3ea83913-dac4-4161-bc4c- 8efdad467a74%7D/microfracture-returned-44-of-high-impact-athletes-to-sport
- http://allabout.co.jp/gm/gl/16461/
- http://www.autoblog.com/2007/06/22/brilliance-bs6s-adac-crash-test-is-anything-but/
- http://www.worldwideflood.com/ark/anti_broaching/anti-broaching.htm
- Microsoft Clip Art
- Microsoft Clip Art
- http://www.editinternational.com/photos.php?id=47a887cc8daaa
- http://edition.cnn.com/2008/US/07/06/nose.cone/index.html?iref=mpstoryview
- http://rsna.kneadle.com/secure/Radiology/Modalities/CT/Clinical/MDCT-Peds-Skull-Frac.html
